Insulin Response in Low Carbohydrate Diets Essay -- Health Nutrition D

Insulin Response in Low Carbohydrate Diets With the current popularity of the Atkins diet and resembling plans that emphasize a reduced intake of carbohydrates, it is important to understand both the theory underlying these diets and the effects of broken in carbohydrate consumption on ones health. In particular, it is crucial that anyone considering such a program understand the effects of low carbohydrate diets on the bodys insulin receipt, as well as consequences of low and high insulin levels in the blood. Therefore, the research on the insulin response to reduced carbohydrate energy avoids contained in the article Glycemic and insulinemic responses to energy bars of differing macronutrient composition in healthy adults by Steven R. Hertzler and Yeonsoo Kim should be considered. The basic concept of the Atkins diet is that certain high carbohydrate foods, such as bread and foods high in sugar, should be reduced or eliminated from the diet, or at least replaced by foods lower in carbohydrates. An example of an acceptable low carbohydrate food is the Atkins Advantage Bar, a low-carbohydrate energy bar that is primarily protein and fat and which represents the low carbohydrate food studied by Hertzler and Kim. The scientific theory behind Atkins proposed shift from carbohydrate and toward protein and fat is that carbohydrates theoretically protract an increased insulin response. In this context, increased insulin response means that the pancreas releases high amounts of insulin into the bloodstream during the digestion of carbohydrates. The Atkins theory also holds that there is a link between high insulin levels in the blood and undesired metabolic effects. Such effe... ...response may suggest that these diets do not achieve this objective. A probable explanation for the increased insulin response of the low and moderate carbohydrate bars is that protein and/or fat are substituted for the removed carbohydrate, and both protein and fat can trigger an in creased insulin response. However, it is more likely that the protein triggered the insulin response since several studies have demonstrated that dietary protein and certain amino acids, the building blocks of protein, are insulinogenic, or insulin inducing. Thus, participants in a low carbohydrate program may continue to experience the adverse metabolic conditions of inhibited fat breakdown and increased blood cholesterol. Additionally, these data suggest that such diets might not make to weight loss or to bettering ones overall health.

Essay --

The story of Unwind revolves around three main characters that are all plan to be sent to a harvest camp and unwound. Connor is a sixteen year whose family believes that he has caused too much trouble in society. Risa is a cellblock of the extract, and due to budget cuts, is too expensive to be kept in the program. Lev is tithe, and individual that has been born with the purpose of being unwound. Connor one day discovers an unwind articulate in the house and decides to run away. With the help of an honest truck driver, Connor manages to slip away. However, Connor keeps his cell phone and the tracker inside gets him caught. The police attempt to arrest Connor but he resists arrest, runs through the traffic on the road, and grabs a tithed to use as a human shield. This event in turn causes a bus full of state home wards to spin out of control and overturn. Risa is one of the individual on that buss. Risa, Connor, and Lev all run into the woods. The next morning, while the three ar e gathering supplies such as food and clothes, they come across a storked baby on the door step. Due to past experiences, Connor decides to put all three of them in jeopardy and decides to pick up the baby while a police car slowly passes nearby. Risa, Connor, Lev and the baby all get onto the school bus in hopes of non being suspected by the police car. Once they arrive at the school, they find the nearest bathroom and hide in it with the baby. Lev sees this as an opportunity to escape. As a tithe, he believes that it is an honor to live with the purpose of being unwound, so he finds his way to the school office and turns himself and Connor and Risa in. He then asks for a call, and calls his pastor, who to Levs surprise informs him that his face was purposely k... ... who explode inside of the unwinding facility. Lev wants to do the same, but changes his mind, saves Connor, and confesses to the police. Connor wakes up in a hospital and is informed that he was the unwilling re ceiver new eye and a hand that evidently belonged to Roland. The nurse also gives Connor a fake ID to save him from being unwound. Risa is left paralyzed from the waist low because her band was playing when the clappers exploded, but she refuses treatment because cripples cannot be unwound. Lev is also saved. The explosive liquid is being hold backn out from his blood stream and his uncle is applying for guardianship. Risa and Connor take over the admirals job because the admiral is too weak after his core group attack. Because the admiral did not want a heart of an unwound, his heart only function 25% of its full potential. However, he is still alive and well.

Medieval Battle Tactics Essay -- History Battles Weapons Essays

medieval Battle Tactics knightly tactics were requisite for an attack or siege of a castle. Many tactics and strategies helped develop much-improved version of an attacking artifact, like weapons and sieging machinery. The knights of Medieval England which were the cavalry, improved as the years went by, only if never actually had any tactics or strategies. The usual knight would just go out on that point and fight. The knights were the counter offensive against a piddling siege, but they were ineffective against a large siege of a castle. A siege was very essential for medieval warfare. Siege was like the most cardinal part of an attack that is if youre attacking a castle. As you know no one inhabited New England back then in the Medieval Ages, so many nations were competing for it. One of them was Rome. Rome inhabited New England first, and as being the first settlers they left some of their customs, which among them was the key to war. The Roman legion imperturbable of a hug e amount of infantry and some cavalry was an substantial factor in Roman War. However, if Rome and England were compared then the cavalry of Rome posterior developed into the Knight. The well trained infantry of Romes legion for attacking and invading now was set to defend in Medieval England as it more compares to the castle. Now that you know some about the origination of the Knight and the castle, lets get into the tactics used by the land units of Medieval England like the knight and the archers.The knight, being the cavalry of the castle, and also the last line of defense between invaders and the castle, were inferior to a well trained army of arse soldiers. Usually, it was the knights ability and bravery decided the medieval battle. The Medieval Knight was trained from childhood. However, they were never taught any strategies. So, when it came to fighting in the battlefield, they used a guerilla warfare method where they would engage the enemy. This was nothing like the dis ciplined lines of musket men (soldiers with rifles) of the later British but rather just went out there and everyone fought on their own like a free hand anything goes melee match. When traveling, the medieval knight traveled in a group, however the group was unaffixed to attacks because it was not arranged in a strategic way. Soon the knights, who had superior life, and had an advantage towards a one on ... ...troying the defenders buildings.The Trebuchet, on the opposite hand, was the biggest of all the siege weapons. Trebuchet lives up to its name meaning slinging machine. The trebuchet had a long arm that had a big end so that the end would help it repulse when released. The arm was buckled down to one side, while the big end would hang in the air until the buckle was released. At the assoil of the arm you would find a sling with a rock inside. When the buckle was released there were usually soldiers at the other side with ropes attached to the weight, and helping it propel by pulling the ropes.England came a long way from just plain foot soldiers with minimal padding, to armored knights and siege weapons. Perhaps it was because Feudalism must seduce affected the way that the medieval forces were and developed along the medieval era of England. Medieval War and War Tactics played a very important role in medieval life because it helped shape approaching generations of empires. With out war in the medieval ages of England, they would have probably not been prepared for their future role in war among other countries focusing on conquest and expansion of other parts of the world.

History using in the bilateral relations Essay -- International Relati

Looking at Russia-Estonia bilateral relations and the political use of history, one cannot start in front examining the Soviet occupations in Estonia and how the two parties see that history.Developments such as the end of the Cold War, the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe, and the re-emergence there of pre-Communist and pre-Soviet conflicts, as shown by Karlsson (n.d.), have certainly stimulated historical consciousness since 1990. After the collapse of the Soviet Union Russian population faced a comprehensive personal identity crisis (Bagger, 2007, p. 109) and like Estonia, also began searching for its identity and roots. In the public do important the crisis gave rise to a lively debate that to a large degree turn around the nations past which according to Scherrer (as cited in Bagger, 2007) was a wave of nostalgia, called the longing for history and that there was actually talk of a adoration of the past. Additionally, Scherrer also found that Putin, more pass alongly than Yeltsin, later stressed the tradition of the powerful state, and that he had abandoned his predecessors anti-communist position. The Soviet national anthem had been reintroduced with a new text, and the armys banner was once again red. Instead of allowing the Soviet period to be a culde-sac leading away from the main road of Russian history Putin had sought to place this period within a power-political continuum, focusing on its positive aspects first and foremost the heroic achievements of the bulky Patriotic War (p. 115).It is a well known fact that Estonia has a totally different understanding of the Soviet era and has difficulties finding something positive close to this time. While Estonia sees that the Soviet Union occupied and forcibly annexed Estonia,... ... and therefore, although the boarder treaty is signed, Russia refuses to ratify it. One of the later issues involves the Russian-German gas pipeline project, which Estonian officials, together with their Lithuan ian counterparts, have criticized, and Poles initially even called it a new Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, Latvian criticism in this case has been muted (p. 50). In addition, during the 20-years of regained independence, there hasnt been a clear change in the coalition and opposition parties in Estonia. The center right parties have always been in power with the only exception in 1995. Likewise, the yearbook commemoration of the Estonian soldiers, who fought in the German army during WWII, by Estonian nationalist, also the citizenship policy and the recent school reform concerning Russian minorities, continue to assert tensions between Russia-Estonia relations.

Naipaul Does Not Deserve his Nobel Prize Essay -- essays research pape

What makes an individual worthy of a Nobel esteem in a category as broad as literature? Is it an immense knowledge of writing procedures that other authors have not begun to attempt to use? Or is an appropriate representation of the authors subject that is solely objective, and lacks each personal opinions? If that was the case, several Prizes should be taken away from some authors and handed to other more deserving writers. V. S. Naipaul, who received a Nobel Prize in literature for Miguel course, falls into the haveer category. Naipaul may have filled the technical requirements for a Nobel Prize for his mastery of several difficult techniques, yet his writing neglects to explain the merits of Trinidad patch highlighting the negatives found in every culture.Among the five prizes provided for in Alfred Nobels will (1895), one was intended for the person who, in the literary field, had produced the most outstanding last in an ideal direction. These statutes defined literature a s not only belles-lettres, but also other writings which, by virtue of their form and style, possess literary value. At the same time, the restriction to works presented during the preceding year was softened older works could be considered if their significance has not become apparent until recently. The statutes also provided for a Nobel Committee to give their opinion in matter of the award of the prizes and for a Nobel Institute with a depository library which was to contain a substantial collection of mainly modern literature.As guidelines for the distribution of the Literature Prize the Swedish Academy had the general requirement for all the prizes ? the prognosis should have bestowed the greatest benefit on mankind ? and the special condition for... ...rite about problems of Western societies.Although World War II begins, continues and ends in the course of Mr. Naipauls book, it seldom dominates the scene. The arrival of American armed forces to implement the bases-for-dest royers exchange between Britain and the United States brings measures of disquiet and measures of prosperity. But Miguel Street takes all that in its stride. Trinidad has known many invaders, amicable and unfriendly, in its history. What winter cruise addicts may miss here is the comparative absence of tourists. Those invaders were not often in season during these years. Or perhaps Miguel Street couldnt be bothered with them, particularly. Naipaul presents Trinidad as this cultural wasteland where not even tourists want to go. For his biased and unfeeling representation of a land that gave him life, Naipaul?s Nobel Prize should be taken away.

Naipaul Does Not Deserve his Nobel Prize Essay -- essays research pape

What makes an individual worthy of a Nobel Prize in a category as liberal as literature? Is it an immense knowledge of writing procedures that other authors have not begun to attempt to use? Or is an appropriate representation of the authors subject that is merely objective, and lacks either personal opinions? If that was the case, several Prizes should be taken away from some authors and handed to other more deserving writers. V. S. Naipaul, who received a Nobel Prize in Literature for Miguel Street, falls into the former category. Naipaul may have filled the technical requirements for a Nobel Prize for his mastery of several difficult techniques, yet his writing neglects to let off the merits of Trinidad while highlighting the negatives found in every culture.Among the five prizes provided for in Alfred Nobels will (1895), one was intended for the person who, in the literary field, had produced the most expectant work in an ideal direction. These statutes defined literature as not only belles-lettres, but also other writings which, by lawfulness of their form and style, possess literary value. At the same time, the restriction to works presented during the preceding year was softened older works could be considered if their implication has not become apparent until recently. The statutes also provided for a Nobel Committee to give their opinion in matter of the award of the prizes and for a Nobel Institute with a library which was to contain a substantial collection of mainly modern literature.As guidelines for the distribution of the Literature Prize the Swedish Academy had the general requirement for all the prizes ? the candidate should have bestowed the greatest benefit on mankind ? and the special condition for... ...rite about problems of Western societies.Although World War II begins, continues and ends in the human body of Mr. Naipauls book, it seldom dominates the scene. The arrival of American armed forces to implement the bases-for-destroy ers exchange between Britain and the United States brings measures of disquiet and measures of prosperity. But Miguel Street takes all that in its stride. Trinidad has known umteen invaders, friendly and unfriendly, in its history. What winter cruise addicts may miss here is the comparative absence of tourists. Those invaders were not often in season during these years. Or peradventure Miguel Street couldnt be bothered with them, particularly. Naipaul presents Trinidad as this cultural wasteland where not even tourists want to go. For his biased and unfeeling representation of a land that gave him life, Naipaul?s Nobel Prize should be taken away.

Life in a High School

Cliques are small groups of between two and twelve respective(prenominal)s. Cliques are small enough that the members feel that they know each opposite break than do people outside the clique. Members of a clique share common activities and friendships. They are friendly settings in which adolescents hang out, talk to each other, and form scalelike friendships. Groups of friends, called cliques can be important for social upgrading, just now in most cases the enormous power and effects of these cliques can create alienation, exclusion, and destructive results.In my noble school, as well as every other noble school in America there are social groups of individuals, called cliques, that effect every individual whether they are an insider or an outsider. Generally there are the cool cliques, the athletic cliques, the freak clique, the skater clique, the smart clique, and the average clique. Almost everyone finds their place in one of these cliques, but there are always a few out siders who go through high school never knowing where they belong. these are the people who are everlastingly ridiculed, picked on, and talked about day in and day out.The effects can be devastating, even deadly. In Littleton, Coloraldo two outcast teenagers came into school one day and began shooting, targeting the athletes and other students who had made their lives awful by ridiculing them constantly. Seniors Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold stormed their suburban Denver school with guns and bombs last April 20, killing 12 students and a teacher before taking their own lives(Kenworthy 1). Augustana University teaching method professor Larry Brendtro explained kids who feel powerless and rejected are capable of doing horrible things(Cohen 4).A high school student, Jason Sanchez understands why the two outsider snapped by maxim If you go to school, and you dont have friends, it drives you to insanity(Cohen 4). So what do these lonely outcast kids do if they are rejected by everyone Roger Rosenblatt discusses in his article, Welcome to the Works of the Trench Coat, how kids get out discover self-worth by hating an enemy(Rosenblatt 1). The kids of Columbine for example look alike they conceal differences. People who are attracted to clans and cults seek to lose their individuality and discover power and experience in a group.As individuals, the killers Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, were vulnerable, taunted by the other tribes in school the cliques, the athletes as geeks and nerds(Rosenblatt 1). The end result as a young girl snarled in the murders reported was, He just put a gun to my head, and he started laughing and saying it was all because people were mean to him last year(Rosenblatt 1). The social warfare of cliques has no limits or boundaries anything can and will happen. Columbine High School is only one example of how high school cliques can be damaging to teenagers.At Glen Ridge High School a group of jocks raped a retarded wo humanness. In that at tractive upper-middle-class New island of Jersey suburb, thirteen jocks were present in the basement where the young womans body was penetrated by a baseball bat and a broomstick. The country was sickened by the inhumanity of a bunch of guys who were among the most admired and envied young men in their community and high school (Lefkowitz 653). These star athletes were not even afraid of being punished. They told their friends and schoolmates of the mishap not trying to hide it at all.Athletes are treated as kings of the school. This is not only true for the athletes, but for the cheerleaders too. In the article by tour Cohen he says While others plod through high school, they glide their exploits celebrated in the pep rallies and recorded in the school paper and trophy cases(Cohen 2). other high school student Blake McConnell says that The jocks and the cheerleaders have the most clout, they get out of punishment even with the police. Joe Blow has a wreck and has been drinking, and he gets the book thrown and twisted at him.The quarterback gets busted, and he gets a lighter sentence ( Cohen 2). How does this prepare the so called stars for the real world whenever they are just an average working man How does this make the normal and less special students feel What about the smart people, where is their recognition for all their hard work and success Cohen noted that assemblies to honor the topper students rarely lasted twenty minutes. The school yearbook displayed ten photographs of the most mediocre football player. But the outstanding scholar was lucky to get one granular photo ( Lefkowitz 654).This is leaving the impression on many teens that the jocks are superior while everyone else is below them. What kind of lasting impression will this leave on the kids Lefkowitz stated in her essay, I received hundreds of letters from people, some in their seventies and eighties, who recalled how excluded they felt when their schools anointed one group of guys a s leaders(Lefkowitz 654). High school teaches us all many important lessons that stay with us all through our life, and sometimes the lessons inside the classroom are the least of it. High school is a chance for us all to invent ourselves.High school for me was the best of times, even though when I was still in school and someone told this to me I just thought they were crazy. My senior prom, the football games, the pep rallies, and even the trouble I got into are all memories that I will look back upon for the easiness of my life and just think how great life was then. I guess though while I was caught up in all the fun and games of high school I never stopped and noticed all the people being left behind. The people who remember high school as throe and suffering. The outsiders that we all picked on not stopping to realize what we had cost them, the best years of their lives.

Draft Letter Going to War in Vietnam Essay

It was a real hot and humid day. I will never forget that awful day. I just had gotten home from work the traffic that day was horrible. The mail was in top of my dining room table, and there it was on top of all the mail, the only thing o saw on the envelope was draft and I was the addressee. My reaction was Oh My God, my heart was pounding very heart it felt like it was ab forth to jump out of my chest, my ears were burning. All I could think was that we ar told that we are helping people and fighting for our freedom. alternatively innocent people are being killed I cave in lost most of my freedom. What options do I have, leave the country, or hide for the rest of your life. Or go to fight not only means serving your country, but helping people along the way. What were my wagess or disadvantages? None of those options were good, at that point I was in shock, and I just could not believe that this was happening to me, till this day I do not remember ever opening that letter.The advantage I saw was, if I went to war the money I will be getting. With that money I could help my family, have a better future, and it dope help me open a lot of doors. The disadvantage is that I can get killed, injured, my family would be devastated, but at the same time they would feel proud. To some, including me the Vietnam state of war was a crime, an attempt by the United States to suppress a heroic Vietnamese national liberation movement that had driven French colonialism out of its country. To others, the Vietnam war was a forfeit, a just war needlessly lost by timid policymakers and a biased media. For many including myself, the Vietnam War was a tragic defect brought about by U.S. leaders who exaggerated the influence of communism and underestimated the power of nationalism.Another advantage would be that I would come back as a hero, either alive or in a box. I will still be considered a hero, that is, if I live in a connection that is very patriotic. But in my case I do not live in a federation like that. The disadvantage would be that my community would not even know that I have gone to war. All I could think was that the draft discriminated against the poor, the less educated and ethnic minorities. Many of us were drafted into the Army against our will nearly all of us are kept in its grasp against our will all in order to carry out this illegal, immoral, and unjust war. We are forced to fight and die in a war we did not create and in which we dont believe.There are advantages and disadvantages in every war that can either be minute details or change the whole course of war. I would go to war even knowing that I may get killed, injured. Morally is the right thing to do. As a citizen we have a duty to this country whether or not we believe in the cause of war. Initially, people going to Vietnam bought the domino theory.They willingly went because they were defending freedom and democracy and the American way, those who were sent to Vietnam knew that they did not have the support of the American people, knew that they were there in support of a failed policy, and knew that they were not defending freedom or democracy, but were pawns in an ongoing political struggle. My finis after writing this is that never think for a moment that you are the only one side that is suffering you might be physically invulnerable from the effects of war. But war is an insidious enemy and all the more damaging when it is implications reach you, others through a dead and suffering.

LGBTQ Youth Homelessness

Cristina Oliveira Mark BarnesDATE 3 May 2018LGBTQ youth homelessness The largest and de most powerful nation in the world the United States fell in taking caution of their youth. Four million and two hundred thousand children and young adults dont stomach home in the United States. Youth Homelessness is a national crisis in urban, suburban and rural communities. Lesbian, gay , bi awakenual, transgender (LGBTQ) make up to only five to seven percent of the world-wide youth population. Forty percent of homeless in the United states are LGBTQ.The statistics is not accurate because lots of them are living with friends they are called couch surfriding frequently jumping from one house to another. Others are living with people trading sex for food and shelter. They are kids between 11-24 years old. How this situation starts? surprisingly LGBTQ are bullied at home, rejected because of their sexual orientation or gender identity, physically, emotional or sexual abuse aging out of foster care system, and financial and emotional neglect.The problems didnt stop there they are reject and are bullied also at school, in the workplace and social settings. They are kicked out of a family and society for being who they are and this trauma is a part of the lives of these young people. Kids need acceptance, they need experience an environment that supports them for being themselves.Family rejection leads to a host supererogatory risk factors for LGBTQ youth, regardless of their housing status.For example, according to the Family Acceptance Project, LGBTQ youth who come from highly rejecting families are more than eight times as likely to have attempted suicide as LGBTQ peers with no family rejection.While homeless, LGBTQ youth are also at greater risk for traumatic experiences including engaging in survival sex that often results in sexual assault, victimization, substance abuse, mental health problems, promiscuity, HIV, STDs, social violence, stigma and discrimination.

Ethics Game Simulation Essay

In simulation game, two dilemmas were presented. The first case is happened to a 16-year-old mother, RB. She is in her tenth hour of labor. Her p arnts are at bedside with her. Because of religious belief, they catch chosen to limit the amount of medication and other medical checkup assistance. Due to the length of her labor, her unborn childs situation is getting worse. RB has not received any medication so far. Because of her fear and distress, fetal distress has been increasing gradually. RBs brother stated that their parents want the staff cause the painkiller and treatment because they punish her for getting pregnant forwards she was married. RB is still a minor, her parents are informed of her health status, but we are not sure whether or not they understand how dangerous her situation could get. In the second case, one of the ICU patient, AT, was brought to the hospital by his domestic partner, YM. YM was accompanied with him term both of them were in the ER, but he was not allowed to visit his partner in the ICU.The shift supervisor nurse stated she would follow the rules and allow existent family members visit the patient. AT has been unconscious for one day and no definitive diagnosis has been reached. He was in critical condition and cannot make purpose by himself. There is no related information on patients file whether or not approve or refuse the current treatment. In order to address ethically, I need to be attentive. So I cook to identify the real dilemma first. In the first case, the teen and her unborn child need medical care but her parents are the legal guardian that begin legal responsibility for her care. Now I have already now the problem, the next step is to be intelligent. I need to use my critical thinking skill to evaluate the facts. Also, I need to think around my obligation to my patient and how my decision affects each person involved in this case. Hence, the decision needs to be fair, fulfill my duty, and reasonable. I have to substantiate that the patient and her unborn child get appropriate medical care, her parents wishes are being honored, and I allow for follow hospitals policies andrules.After careful consideration, my decision is to ask the assigned nurse to call a physician to make sure the mother and baby are assessed medically, they will get appropriate and obligatory care, and both of them will be safe. Meanwhile, I will contact the chaplain to make sure patients parents values are respected by the medical care team. In the second case, I have to identify patients domestic partners rights and each persons delirious state. Then I have to consider how to perform my job duty responsibly and my obligations to the patient, and patients best interest. The issue they have now is how to assure access for same-sex partners patients on equal footing with heterosexual couples. Because the same-sex partner do have some rights in this situation such as right to make decision for an unconscious f amily member. Since my patient, AT, is still unconscious and he cant make any decisions for himself. So, my decision is to score YM access to his love one and treats him as family. I will also speak to my supervisor close to my decision. When utilizing ethical lenses, it will guide me make a move decision.In the first case, I used right/responsibilities lens and results lens. The right/responsibilities lens centrees on duties and obligations, and be ethically acceptable. The results lens focuses on the duties and what meets individual desires, which means I have to consider how my action will affect each person. Hence, I have to combine all the analysis and my knowledge to make a sound decision in order to satisfy each persons ethical desires. The second case, I used family lens and reputation lens. The relationship lens focuses on being fair. In order to be fair, I have to use my power appropriately and everyones rights as a person. For instance, I need to know the patients do mestic partners rights and what kind access I can give to him. The reputation lens guides me focus on the virtues of each person. The rights/responsibilities lens allow me to consider my duty as a nurse and how to accomplish my duty. My patient and her babys safety are my top priority.Hence, I have to call the physician and notify him that my patient needs medical care. When using the results lens, I need to consider how to create a satisfied result to meet my patient and her family members needs and honor patients parents wishes as well. Hence, I have to contact the chaplain to entertain patients parents in order to meet their spiritual needs. The relationship lens allow me to consider my patient and his domestic partners rights. Hence, before I make a decision. I look athospitals policy and rules. I want to make sure I give my patients partner his rights to access his loved one while I am still implementing hospital protocols.The reputation lens leads me to think about how to be a good nurse and how to provide best care for my patient. Also, I have to let my supervisor understand my decision and my standard as an employee and a nurse. As a home health nurse, we meet patients who from countries and who has different beliefs, and cultural backgrounds. I think when I have an ethical conflict, I have to assess the situation and gather data instead of making assumptions. After I collect data, I need to think about how the decision will impact each person involved in this case (right/responsibilities lens). As a nurse, I also need to remember ANA Code of Ethics. I have to remind myself I need toReferencesEthicsGame.com, LLC. (2007). The troubled teen and policies an politics. Retrieved from http//www.ethicsgame.comReferencesGuido, G. W. (2010). Legal & ethical issues in nursing (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.

Consumer Behavior – Chapter 1

Consumer behavior chapter 1 introduction In our ever-increasing spherical market place, attention needs to be paid to the international consumer in order to identify who they argon. Marketers and consumer deportment researchers argon constantly attempting to determine the connaturalities and the differences of the multifaceted global consumer. Some general theory virtually the sociological and mental influences on consumer behaviour may be common to all Western cultures, but there atomic number 18 still strong com/pricing-psychology-consumption/regional consumption trends.Consumer behaviour as it pertains to the marketplace is concerned with the manner in which consumers purchase and using up products and services, and how these goods are incorporated into their lives. Researchers delectation various techniques to determine the features of consumers. These techniques include categorisation by the use of descriptive characteristics, such(prenominal) as demographics and ps ychographics. Individual consumers are part of a larger society with common cultural values and beliefs, which can be save segmented into smaller groups, or subcultures.There are regional differences amid consumers from different European countries, despite their being part of the larger European community. Marketers usemarket segmentation strategiesto adapt their communications to meet the varied needs of a diverse steer market. Consumer behaviour is good business Marketers who understand their customers needs and wants do better than their competitors. The essential component is deciding who to target and how.Marketers do this by defining markets and then dividing these markets into smaller chunks, or segments. A segment is based upon the demographic and psychographic aspects of the targeted population. The consumers response is the ultimate test of whether or not a trade strategy will succeed. However, initial consumer testing is not an absolute science. Sometimes a product can fail its initial test marketing and still go on to be highly successful. Sony has resolveed to market and consumer changes with its latest MP3 player, a check to the Apple iPod.In attempting to define accurate information a stave the traits, habits, likes and dislikes of consumers, resolutionive market segmentation separates members of a population into smaller segments of consumers who share unique characteristics that set them apart(predicate) from the main population. Market segmentationcan be described as slicing up the market into bit-sized chunks of information. It is essential that for effective segmentation the following criteria are met Consumers at bottom the identified segment share similar product needs that will be different to other consumers in other segments.Important differences between the segments can be clearly identified. The segment is large enough to be profitable. Consumers in the segment can be reached with an appropriate marketing mix. The consumer s in the segment will respond in the desired way to the marketing mix. Two important segmentation to a faultls are the use of demographics and psychographics to determine unique attributes of the targeted population. Demographic statistics measure the observable aspects of the population. Psychographics are far more than subtle. They illustrate the differences in consumers personalities and cannot be measured objectively.Demographic variables include Age Different age groups have different needs and wants. Consumers in similar age groups often share similar values and cultural experiences. Gender The behaviours and tastes of men and women are constantly evolving. It is thought that gender segmentation is an unintended dissolving agent of marketing strategy. Family structure Marital status and family are important demographic variables that often affect spending priorities. Social class and income People in the homogeneous social class often have similar occupations and may share values and interests.Income is a good determinant of buying power and market potential. line of achievement and ethnicity Immigrants from Asia and Africa are the fastest growing ethnic groups in Europe. Increased multiculturalism creates new opportunities for marketers. Geography Cultural differences play an important role in consumption patterns. deep down the European context, consumption is common across cultures, but it is also specific between different cultural groups. European segmentation factors include Consumption traits that are common across different cultures. Consumption traits that are specific to cultural groups. Relationship Marketing building bonds with consumers The more marketers understand their current and potential consumers, the more effective they will be. This concept has developed into the role ofrelationship marketing, in which marketers build long-term relationships between the company and the consumer. Relationship marketing is seen as the massive t rend for marketers. In conjunction with relationship marketing, a major growth area has been the need to gather and manage accurate information about customers. This has culminated in the formation of sophisticateddatabase marketingthat tracks consumer buying habits.However, this big brother is watching you concept intimidates some consumers. Database marketing is required to comply with respondent confidentiality restrictions. As global consumers, we are influenced significantly by marketers through a number of mechanisms centred upon building relationships with customers. Advertisements illustrate how we should act and define roles, as well as informing about the use of products. As of 2006, the majority of people will live in urban centres and the number of megacities will increase to 26 in 2015.A controversial effect of the sophisticated marketing strategies used to communicate with these large potential markets is the emergence ofglobal consumer culture, in which people are uni ted by their common obedience to brand-name consumer products, film stars and music celebrities. 2 Virtual consumption and the power of crowds There is little doubt that the digital revolution is one of the most significant influences on consumer behaviour, and the impact of the Web will continue to expand as more and more people around the world log on. It is not all bout businesses selling to customers (B2C e-commerce).The cyberspace explosion has caused a revolution in consumer-to-consumer activity (C2C e-commerce) welcome to the new world ofvirtual brand communities. A close first cousin of the global consumer is theEuro-consumer. Much research and marketing effort is focused upon determining the characteristics of this consumer. Findings indicate links between social class, culture and income, with consumers who expressed more positive(p) attitudes towards cultural change being more likely to consume luxury goods, despite their demographics and social class. 2 Marketing Ethi csThere is a constant battle between achievement of organisational profit goals and the necessity to conduct business honestly and ethically. 1 Prescribing Ethical Standards of Conduct Organisations often devise codes of conduct for their employees, and marketing associations provide guidelines for conduct, such as the following Disclosure of the substantial risks associated with a product or service. Identification of added features that will increase the cost. Avoidance of false or misleading advertising. Rejection of aggressive selling. Prohibition of selling or fund-raising under the guise of market research. Socially Responsible Behaviour Some marketers continue to violate the bond of trust with the consumer with the use of bait-and-switch tactics and misleading claims. A critical barometer of ethical behaviour is the action taken by companies to rectify a problem with their advertising or products. Benetton quit their controversial advertisements that featured the depiction of an AIDS victim and which were deemed to be exploitative by consumers. Much criticism has been leveled at marketing techniques that influence consumers to purchase products that are not essential.Philosophers view this conundrum from the sentiment of individuals exercising their free will and free action in coming to decisions. However, this clinical approach supports the argument so long as only informative advertising is used in the marketing communication. Any other type of advertising such as ones with vision and underlying motives cannot be so clinically rationalized. The raging debate that marketing techniques manipulate customers continues. We explore this issue from three perspectives. 3 Do Marketers Create man-made Needs?Some conservative traditionalists take that advertising can lead to the moral decay of societies by the pursuit of hedonistic pleasure, while some liberals hope that the misleading promises of material pleasure function to buy off people who would otherwise be revolutionaries working to change the system. Through advertising, then, the system creates demands that only its products can satisfy. Numerous responses to this criticism abound, including the argument that needs are a basic biological motive and that a want re bear witnesss one way that society has taught us that the need can be satisfied.The primary objective of advertising is to create awareness of needs, rather than to create the needs themselves. Needs are thus something that we are socialized to have. Marketers must be cognisant of the fact that they contribute heavily to the socializing influence of individuals in modern society and, thus, influence needs. Some commentators believe that purchasing decisions are manipulated by marketers using their understanding of psychology and the social sciences. They claim that marketers devise advertising techniques that manipulate a majority of individuals. A nose out of social responsibility should underpin all advertis ing.There is little doubt that advertising creates and changes patterns of consumer behaviour. The central issue is whether the audience is discerning enough to see through the marketing hype and still make a deliberative judgement. Have a look at thePBS Frontline website on The Persuaders, which explores the world of modern marketers and advertisers, and discusses the methods they use to decrypt who we are and what we want. As powerful an influence as advertising is, in the majority of cases advertisers still do not know enough about their target audience to effectively manipulate them.This fact is supported by the high degree of product failures (40-80 per cent) that occur. 4 Interdisciplinary Influences on the Study of Consumer Behaviour Consumer behaviour is a multidisciplinary field that integrates a vast array of disciplines, from psychophysiology to sociology and anthropology. Each discipline views the subject from their own perspective, which results in a rich sociological reading of a fascinating and dynamic topic. The figure below illustrates the integrated and interconnected approach to consumer behaviour from both a macro and micro perspective.The macro perspective represents the social focus and the micro perspective represents the individual focus. pic pyramid of comsumer behavior Consumer research has adopted two popular forms of research paradigms, or sets of beliefs Positivism Believes that adult male reason is supreme and that objective truth is only revealed by science. Structured and ordered. Stresses functionality. Celebrates technology. Regards the world as an ordered, rational place with a clearly defined past, present and future. Emphasizes material well-being, and is based predominantly on the homogenous views of a predominantly Western and male culture.Interpretivism Believes the social and cultural world in which we live is complex. Dislikes too much emphasis on science and technology. Emphasizes the importance of symbolic and su bjective experiences. Believes individuals construct meanings based on unique, shared cultural experiences, therefore there are no right or wrong references. Consumption is interpreted as a set of diverse experiences. Many consumer behaviour experts believe that the existing predominant positivistic paradigm of consumer behaviour is undergoing a paradigm shift, due to challenge from the competing paradigm of interpretivism.

Civil Rights – Naacp

The iris case was not a success because the supreme court agreed with the board, but the second case In 1953, came to the agreement that segregation was wrong on the grounds that separating black students from others that are the same age and Intelligence as them because of their race, generates a feeling of Inferiority That may affect their hearts and minds In a way unlikely ever to be undone, (Chief rightness Earl Warren). This was a major success for the NAACP although Implementing the new ruling turn turn up to be more difficult because the federal government did not force he state governments to apply them to their cities.This ruling did change some districts but to the highest degree did not comply. Many schools and school districts were closed because the cities would have rather close them than integrate. Also because of President Eisenhower lack of support, the ruling was never enforced therefore making the ruling pointless. Similar problems occurred with other rulings and acts such as the polite Rights Act of 1957 which attempted to end voter discrimination, but ended up being a useless law because of the loopholes left by the federal overspent.The only few times where the NAACP changes of the law actually worked such as the case about the stimulate of Rosa Parks for refusing to give up her bus seat, and that was only because of the non- cutthroat movement that got the humankinds attention and more involvement in the issue. The other legal successes for the black corporation such as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 which made it so African Americans could vote without being taxed, given impossible tasks, or being intimidated by racists groups this time not leaving loopholes.This act along with there beneficial acts such as the courteous Rights Act of 1964 and the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 were mostly referable to the many marches, movements, and riots that demanded change and the assassination of JEFF which happened right after h e publicly announced that he was for the rights of African Americans by trying to put through the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Because this was one of the last things that JEFF was remembered for, LB had to live up the citizens expectations for him to do the same as JEFF so that he would not have died In vain.In addition, the groups school and CLC participated in the Civil Rights Movements. In the event of Birmingham In 1963 lead by CLC was a major focus for the call rights activists. This event resulted In church bombings as the group CLC and other protesters marched for their rights and this movement later turned Into massive violence from the white society. As a continuation of Birmingham, pile Bevel gave Dry. King the theme to use children for marches arrested, and Jailed and more chaos prevailed.In (Source E) It displays a photograph from the event of the Birmingham Marches during the time period of 1963. It shows he violence and a African American male was being attacked by th e local police with police dogs. This event was somewhat successful at the end because stores were desegregated and some other public places. In the event of the Meredith March in 1966, Its main purpose was to protest against racism and other civil rights activists, including Dry. King and his group AIM, CLC, along with SYNC go along this march to protest for their civil rights in 1966.The start of this march was from James Meredith attending the University of Mississippi and was rejected his acceptance from the allege because of his race which was African American and James Meredith filed a complaint to the Court systems and the court ruled that the University of Mississippi was managing a policy of segregation. In the duration of this Many race riots broke out in the result of this setting. There was not only violence against the African Americans but there was violence against the U.S Marshals who were helping the African Americans. Referring back to the James Meredith march Mar ch against Fear the African Americans faced violence as well as when they were expressing to vote. In he March James Meredith was shot and the Civil Rights activists Dry. King and Carmichael decided to finish the march on Meredith behalf. Therefore, this event was somewhat successful because it allowed the U. S to pay attention to the African Americans although it was not particularly in the way that King and other civil rights activists wanted to.The civil rights organizations the CORE and SYNC both proved to be vitally important during the civil rights movement. They often times worked in conjunction in order to work toward racial equality. Their first major movement was he Sit Ins in 1960 where college students refused to leave diners until served. The undermentioned thing was the Freedom Rides in 1961 in which black students move to ride across in order to test the laws banning racial segregation on international buses.This effort was a failure in that there was extreme viol ence against the riders. The racist mob had attacked with iron bars, and even bombs. Passengers escaped right in the lead the bus burst into flames and it wasnt until policemen shot into the air that the mob dispersed (Source A). After the Freedom Rides SYNC turned its attention to the Albany movement (1962) in which students tried to desegregate the entire public sector of the city. It failed because the police never got violent, and after CLC Joined they didnt allow King to stay in Jail.Malcolm X an influential loss leader of black Muslims used these types of instances to Justify the idea that Theres no such thing as a nonviolent revolution and that the revolution is based on concepts of property, independence, freedom, Justice and equality (Source D). In 1994 SYNC attempted a new movement called Freedom Summer in which northern white students attempted o get blacks to register to vote. The southern states viewed it as a planned invasion in which Northern students are causing pr oblems under the pretext of bringing Freedom (Source B).The huge variance between the northern mentality of equality to all verses the southern mentality of white and better than blacks and stay out of our business led to a horrifically violent summer. The very next year SYNC went to Selma, Alabama in order to register voters, but the police had a violent response. During a speech at Howard Lyndon Johnson said The words Give me overcome discrimination I will sent to Congress a law designed to eliminate illegal barriers. (Source F).

Cell phones in high schools Essay

Now days using stall phones in gamey school is not an easy issue because carrel phones and other smart electronic machines established with the fast moving of technology, so everybody has a cell phone from children to older people, its became an important thing in our life and we use it in a lot things even if it effect on our society because it has a lot of advantages its also has a disadvantages if we use it in a wrong behavior in school or other places.In this research I well talk about several points about using cell phones in high schools, the policy that schools administration has taken about this issue and the advantages and the disadvantages of using cell phones in schools by students or teachers.Using cell phone in high school has a lot of advantages because it can be an educational tool in the class if the teachers know how to use it for breeding and important and improve their lessons. Students can also use it for research about their lessons and to answer difficult q uestions and even they can connect with each other by and by school for their projects and other studies. A lot of parents support the idea of using cell phones but outside the classes for example in the field to ensure the gum elastic of their children if there is a sort of emergency.On the other hand there are also some dis advantages about using cell phones in high school and they are very disruptive to students and teachers. Also the phone could make egregious problems if they use the privet areas and publishing them.A lot of schools dont turn over a policy of using cell phones by teachers inside the school, but they not allowed them to use it during lessons. Cell phones may be helpful for teachers if they are in activity outside the school to use it for emergency issues, otherwise it will cause a distraction during lessons. Another point we can consider it that its important that the bus driver has a cell phone because he will be a musical mode from the school when he with t he children.To conclude using cell phones in high schools need more studies to apply it in the future. But could schools change their policy to use cell phones as an educational tool by students and teachers during classes? In the future yes it could be because technology well becomes our life in schools or anywhere else but we must use it in the good way and the school must control that carefully by a lot of strict policies.

Charlie and the Choclate Factory Essay

Despite the fact these were produced 34 years apart, there argon galore(postnominal) striking similarities. Of course, there are also legion(predicate) exits, which a viewer would expect in films that were d oneness so far apart. Although these films were done three decades apart, the formula of the reverie genre has not changed more over the course of the decades. The most obvious similarity in the genre is the general audience who pass on view these movies. The general theory of the partiality genre is to create an imaginary world, which viewers can put up immersed in to give them a break from reality. In this regard, both films succeeded wonderfully.On the flip side, the study rest in the genre is the scope of the imaginary world that can be created. In Willy Wonka and the coffee bean milling machinery, the filmmakers were particular(a) by having to create their imaginary world in a real world space. In 1971, filmmakers didnt have the ability to create an un particul ar virtual world like modern day romance filmmakers have, so the grandeur of the world that can be created now is very different. While the formula of the phantasy genre hasnt changed a great deal, the social context of the time periods these films were made in has.For example, Willy Wonka and the coffee pulverization puts a greater emphasis on the disparity in the midst of social classes, which was a major aspect of the 1970s. The movie also focuses on proper behavior, being appreciative of what you have, pleasurable societal behavior, and morals. In comparison, Charlie and the burnt umber Factory was created during a time period when society places more emphasis on merriment value in movies, instead of using them as a tool to express and teach acceptable societal behaviors.The remake also doesnt focus as heavily on the difference betwixt social classes, as the social classes have been blurred in todays society, and arent as well defined as they were in the 1970s. Oftenti mes, remakes deviate from what was done in the original movie. This is done for many reasons, but may actually hurt the remake. That is not the case with the redaction style of these films, as the modify style of Willy Wonka and the deep brown Factory had a significant impact on the editing style of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.The editing style and importance of Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory, directed by Mel Stuart, made it become one of the mo Read Full Essay Join Now Get instant access to over 50,000 text file and Essays Join Other paper. com Similar Essays Charlie And The Chocolate Factory Rogers Chocolates shift Study (Internal/External Analysis) The House Of Spirits And analogous Water For Chocolate, Respectively. Loss Of Innocence And The Corruption Of Man Are A Couple Of The Most pregnant Themes Found In Both Books. These Themes Are Shown In The Characters Of The Book After What Really Makes Factories Flexible?Ethels Chocolate Lounge Chocolate Truffles I alike Chocolate take out Rogers Chocolate Chocolate Case Testing To Find How Much Protein Is In 1% Chocolate Milk Versus 2% White Milk SWOT Analysis For Custom Coffee Chocolate Chocolate Case Factory Farming And Diabetes Like Water For Chocolate Analysis Donate paper Join now Login Support 2010 2011 Other papers. com Other papers. com High-quality Essays, Term Papers and Research Papers Access over 50. 000 Essays and Papers Get Better Grades Sign up for your giving account. There are ABSOLUTELY no membership fees at OtherPapers. om. For our free membership, please upload one paper to the site. Your account leave alone be activated immediately Prepare Your Document Title year Select One American HistoryBiographiesBusinessEnglishHistory OtherLiteratureMiscellaneousMusic and MoviesPhilosophyPsychologyReligionScienceSocial IssuesTechnology Copy & paste paper Use this method if youd favour to copy and paste your paper into a form. Join now Login Support Other Term Papers and Free Essays Browse Papers Music and Movies / Charlie And The Chocolate Factory Vs. Willy Wonka And The Chocolate FactoryCharlie And The Chocolate Factory Vs. Willy Wonka And The Chocolate Factory Research Paper Charlie And The Chocolate Factory Vs. Willy Wonka And The Chocolate Factory and over former(a) 20 000+ free term papers, essays and research papers examples are available on the website Autor people 30 June 2012 Tags Words 1820 Pages 8 Views 57 Read Full Essay Join Now Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) is a remake of Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory (1971). Despite the fact these were produced 34 years apart, there are many striking similarities.Of course, there are also many differences, which a viewer would expect in films that were done so far apart. Although these films were done three decades apart, the formula of the fantasy genre has not changed practically over the course of the decades. The most obvious similarity in the genre is the general audience w ho will view these movies. The general theory of the fantasy genre is to create an imaginary world, which viewers can yield immersed in to give them a break from reality. In this regard, both films succeeded wonderfully. On the flip side, the major difference in the genre is the scope of the imaginary world that can be created.In Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory, the filmmakers were limited by having to create their imaginary world in a real world space. In 1971, filmmakers didnt have the ability to create an unlimited virtual world like modern day fantasy filmmakers have, so the grandeur of the world that can be created now is very different. While the formula of the fantasy genre hasnt changed a great deal, the social context of the time periods these films were made in has. For example, Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory puts a greater emphasis on the disparity between social classes, which was a major aspect of the 1970s.The movie also focuses on proper behavior, being appreciative of what you have, acceptable societal behavior, and morals. In comparison, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was created during a time period when society places more emphasis on pleasure value in movies, instead of using them as a tool to express and teach acceptable societal behaviors. The remake also doesnt focus as heavily on the difference between social classes, as the social classes have been blurred in todays society, and arent as well defined as they were in the 1970s. Oftentimes, remakes deviate from what was done in the original movie.This is done for many reasons, but may actually hurt the remake. That is not the case with the editing style of these films, as the editing style of Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory had a significant impact on the editing style of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. The editing style and importance of Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory, directed by Mel Stuart, made it become one of the mo Read Full Essay Join Now Get ins tant access to over 50,000 Papers and Essays Join OtherPapers. com Similar Essays Charlie And The Chocolate Factory Rogers Chocolates Case Study (Internal/External Analysis)

Existentialism and The Plague Essay

Jean-Paul Sartre once said, patch is condemned to be free because once he is thrown into the world, he is responsible for everything he does. Sartre speaks in accordance of rights with the values of existentialist philosophy, which is defined as a philosophical theory that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will. Existentialists like Sartre spurned the existence of a higher power and the over arching influence of an unnatural conformist society, citing sooner the importance of individuality and acts of ones own free will.According to the doctrine of Existentialism, manners is not satisfying yet has substance. The singular purpose of life history is to drive forward into the infinite macrocosm of the universe, look for for ones own particular meaning of life. Additionally, Existentialists propose that on that point is no god there is no big man in the sky creating destinies for the humble earthly beings below. Thus, random instances of elation, violence, and catastrophe do not hold a greater significance with a supposed higher power or with the universe itself. Life is an experience specific to man alone.Albert Camus, in relation to this philosophy, delivered to the literary world his existentialist philosopher work, The execration, a novel based on the central theme of the inanity of human suffering and the involved individuality of the human experience. In the pages of this novel and through his characters and themes, Camus paints a picture of a mundane friendship thrust into an almost illogical, if tragic, state of disease and disaster. His unremarkable township of Oran, that in no way deserved such a virulent visitation of pestis, sets a perfect stage for the exemplification of existential teachings.The curious events described in this chronicle occurred in 194- at Oran. Everyone agreed that considering their somewhat extraordinary characte r, they were out of mall there. For its ordinariness is what strikes one first a unit of ammunition the town of Oran (Camus, 3). So begins Albert Camus gripping achievement, The Plague. From its very origin, the novel admits itself to be set in a small, dull town, unremarkable in every way. And yet, in the reciprocal ohm of life, the equable town of Oran is inexplicably bombarded with an attack of plague so malignant it is comp bed to the plague outbreaks of centuries before, which wiped out entire European villages.The typically overlooked literary element of setting, in this instance that of an ordinary North African coastal village, lies a sense of some of Albert Camus greatest genius. In a way that seems almost too subtle, Camus relates one of the primary tenets of Existentialism, that which emphasizes the absence of a higher powers influence on human life, to the unfathomable curse on an wretched town. Treeless, glamorous, soulless, the town of Oran ends by seeming restful and, after a while, you go complacently to sleep there. (Camus, 6).Thus, the town of Oran is classified as a sleepy, typical village, one unaccustomed to the despondency and pestilence that is rained upon it during the months of the forthcoming plague. oneness would assume that in a world ordered by a God, a town that had affiliated no crime wouldnt have received such an exemplary form of capital punishment. In such a world, one could argue that the town of Oran should have escaped into happy obscurity. One could withal argue the fairness of the fabled destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, towns famously steeped in sin.Not so would cry the existentialists, as one of the basics ideals of existentialism is the randomness of life. Good and evil in the context of life are simply subjective statements there is no ultimate reward for those who live as saints, just as there is no ultimate retribution for those who live in sin. In this way, the terror visited on Oran dead perpetuates t his existential idea. A town so typical and seemingly so ineligible of a tragedy such as the plague is, instead of protected from it, decimated by it.Perhaps Camus random devastation of his microscopical town is a result of his involvement in the European anti-Nazi resistance. During this time of unexplained evils the systematic decimation of the Jews and different undesirables and the horrors inflicted upon occupied France, among other instances of randomized human terrorism, Camus is said to have developed his existentialist perspective. In a world overseen by a benevolent, just maker, where is there room for the murders of innocent millions, or for that matter, the infestation of plague in a sleepy little town?One of the reoccurring themes of Existentialism is the importance of the individual decision meaning in a life thats ultimate result is death. Another facet of Camus The Plague that supports this particular aspect of Existentialism is his host of cast and characters. The townsfolk at large can initially be described as hardworking but self absorbed, if not entirely self centered. Theirs is a community of particular habits and personal needs. Seemingly, the only unifying factor of these citizens seems to be in commerce, or as Camus puts it, Our citizens work hard, but solely with the object of getting rich.(Camus, 4). The masses of Oran find meaning in their businesses, scorecard playing, and cafe going. Though the act of death is described as difficult and discomforting (Camus, 5), the people of Oran seem to consider it in its natural courses. The citizens are entirely resigned to their tedious way of life in fact scarcely a soul stirs at the curious sight of rats dying in masses in the streets. Incredibly, beyond the initial panic of the plague, the citizens seem to resign themselves to that as well. There was the same resignation, the same long-sufferance, inexhaustible and without illusions. (Camus, 184). A great m both of the prisoners of Or an had embraced Nihilism, a philosophy in which nothing has any value or any meaning, and pursuit of finding either is futile. Interestingly, the side of those in Oran and Nihilism itself run conversely to Camus actual beliefs. Influenced by the early death of his father and his childhood poverty, as well as a terrible bout of Tuberculosis, Camus actual theories involved a complicated correlation between the lack of hope and despair in a life that exists without any intrinsic meaning.Camus philosophy can best be described as a daring experiment in optimism without hope a life that resists the illusion of a preset good outcome without succumbing to despair. In accordance to his personal beliefs, an existential hero designed by Camus resists the despair of a life hurtling toward death and instead rises above death to do good works in the manner of a painfully cautious optimist. One such hero is Dr. Bernard Rieux, narrator and chronicler of the plague.Rieux shows his existential floa ter early on in his narrative, frequently questioning the conformist ways of Oran society and continually distancing himself from the trickery of their half-formed lives. His choice of profession is a prime example of choosing to rise above death to do good, instead of worshipping the god of business like his peers, he is instead a physician. By their very nature physicians labour an existential battle of healing the sick against an all too present possibility of death.Though separated from his wife, Rieux fights on through the plague, administering serums, seeing to the afflicted, and organizing sanitary squads with the help of other active citizens. Rieux is ever mindful of his responsibilities to others, remarking that the innate thing was to save the greatest possible number of persons from dying and being doomed to unending separation. And to do this there was only one resource to fight the plague. There was nothing admirable about this attitude it was merely logical. (Camu s, 133). In this passage, Rieux clearly exhibits Camus own deeply felt obligations towards society, choosing to fight an inevitable evil quite a than resign himself to it. Over the course of his life, Camus spoke out against many another(prenominal) social injustices, including the genocides of the Second World War, pile union discrepancies, the death penalty, and injustices within the communist party, which he had formerly been associated with and which cost him many friendships, among them Jean-Paul Sartre.In a case of art imitating life, Rieuxs consistency with himself and with his beliefs caused him much personal hardship and endangered his life. However, his commitment to others make him less despondent and more aware of himself than the rest of the town, giving him a strength that not many shared and allowed him to find his true-self, which is the ultimate goal of Existentialism. In his admirable struggle, Rieux clearly demonstrates the most idealistic goals of Existentiali sm and in turn represents Camus interpretation of the philosophy.Speaking on the attitude of futility that is sometimes associated with Existentialism, Albert Camus said, In the depth of winter, I finally learned that there was in me an invincible summer. In the very heart of his philosophy, Albert Camus accepted that life is merely a vehicle for death, that there is no higher power pulling the strings, and that the meaning of life is attributed to the individual. However, at his core, Camus believed that life was an opportunity to rise above death to accomplish more and do better. The greatest sin was a resignation to death and despair, an indifference to the opportunities afforded to you by free will.In the randomness of life, things legislate. Small coastal towns suffer a swift, arbitrary attack of bubonic plague, and Algerian authors die in car crashes when they should have been taking the train. The ultimate question of Existentialism is, does life have any meaning? Ultimate ly, the key question of Existentialism is answered by that philosophys very tenets. Life is afforded meaning by the individual, a meaningful life is lived through ones specific actions to the things that happen in the randomness of ones existence.

Report on Robi

pic C beer Planning & maturement in ROBI tabular array of Contents acknowledgment04 Executive Summary04 accusatory05 primal Objective 05 Report Objective. 05 Methodology05 Limitations05 corporation Overview06 Mission . 06 Vision. 06 Theme.. . 06 Major Milest bingles of Robi07 argument of the Topic08 knowledge Programs in Robi.. .. 8 Importance of T&D Process In Robi.. 09 bringing up Process In Robi10 In-House bringing up.. 10 Foreign tuition. 10 Supervision of requireing by ROBI HR section.. 11 Objectives of breeding Programs.. 12 instruct Plan Trainee . .. 12 Training brings. 12 Training Time. .. . . 12 Training Place. .. . . 13 Trainer . .. 14 Trainee Evaluation. .. .. 14 Table of Contents fall inment Programs in Robi.. 15 Importance of Development Programs. .. 15 Development Process In Robi Way of Conducting Development Process. 16 Job Rotation. 16 secondary Board. .. 16 Problems of T&D Process in Robi 17 Recommendations. 8 Conclusion 19 Bibliography.. 20 A cknowledgement The term paper on is prep ard for Dr. Zahed Husain Sikder, the grad instructor of undergraduate weapons platform, School of condescension at Ameri digest proposeetary University of Bangladesh (AIUB). This herald is the office staffial requirement of HR Planning and Forecasting (BBA-00986) course during the Summer-2011 and submitted at the same semester. Executive Summary Telecom industry is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the signifi good dealt industries of Bangladesh.There atomic number 18 around actually strong let outicipants in this vault of heaven, which has made this a very competitive food market. Despite the high adit costs, new companies are gradually coming into this industry. Currently there are 6 competitors in this telecommunicationmunication market in our country. AXIATA Group admit over the holdership of AKTEL and very recently they ingest been amend with new motto, new motto and last entirely non the least, they pull in chan ged their brand summon to ROBI from what it was earlier, AKTEL. hot attribute with providing full customer satisf bodily process is the main mission of ROBI.As because AXIATA Group came with a new name and new mission, they perplex set their target customers primarily pull up stakes be young generation and isolated from that they will try to r to each one more of their existing customers with their new products and services and as well they want to shake up huge contribution in the socio-economy of our country. So their focus is to turn in refreshment to the customers in a comparatively cheaper call rates and former(a) customer services. ROBI exhaust some competitors for example GrameenPhone Ltd, Bangla Link, Airtel Bangladesh, City Cell Ltd, and Tele Talk. ROBI wants to marque huge impression in this industry and they ill try to subdue more and more market shares, so they will inform all aged muckle by side by side(p) advertising and opposite sales promotion. As it has changed their name, it is little bit difficult to capture the customers attraction and in one case the customers will familiar with the product, and then it will be very easy to launch our product in its selected areas. ROBI is always trying to focus improving its products and services based on customer demand, satisfaction and preferences. Objective Primary Objective The primary objective of this project is to learn to the highest degree the Training and Development form of the ROBI unstable comp both.Report objective ? Detailed information about Training and development solve of the confederation. ? To focus on different types of Training programmes, Supervisor of the programmes, Trainee, Trainer, Training clipping, Training vagabond, Training needs, Trainee evaluation. ? To focus on different Development programmes and different Development process. ? To know the problems of Training and Development process and recommendation for that problems. Methodology We used uno riginal data to direct this report. And that is why the data and information is bring forthn from newspaper, business magazines, and catalogs and also from the internet.Limitations The major point of accumulation factor for this report was primarily the reluctance and strict devotion to confidentiality maintenance attitude shown by the authorized website of ROBI mobile company. Moreover, some information was withheld to preserve privacy of the company. So, we couldnt relieve oneself the exact information always. or so of all we had very little era to finish this project. If we had some time more the project could have been better. But inspite of that we have tried our direct trump out to consume the report data more meaningful. Company Overview Robi is a dynamic and leading countrywide GSM communication dissolving agents take into accountr.It is a joint venture company amidst Axiata and NTT DoCoMo, Japan. Robi was officially commenced its operations in 1997 among the pi oneers GSM mobile telecommunications provider in Bangladesh. Covering all 64 districts of the country, Robihas catch the first mobile operator to connect Tetulia and Teknaf, the northern and southern nearly points of Bangladesh and the first to provide broadloom coverage a eagle-eyed the capital of Bangladesh-Chittagong highway. Robisupports 2G voice, CAMEL phase 2 and GPRS/EDGE service with high speed internet connectivity. It has the widest International Roaming coverage in Bangladesh connecting 440 operators across 203 countries.Robis GSM service is based on a robust mesh topology architecture and cutting edge technology much(prenominal) as Intelligent Ne iirk (IN), which provides peace-of-mind solutions in price of voice clarity, extensive nationwide ne twainrk coverage, and multiple global partners for international roaming. Robicustomer centric solution includes value added services (VAS), quality customer care, easy access call centers, digital network security, and pl astic tariff rates. With its strengths and competencies developed over the years, Robiaims to provide the exceed quality service experience in cost of coverage and connectivity to its customers all over Bangladesh.Vision To be a leader as a Telecommunication advantage Provider in Bangladesh. Mission ROBI aims to be achieving its vision with being number One non only in scathe of market share, but also by being an employer of choice with up-to run into knowledge and products geared to address the ever changing needs of our budding nation. Theme Customer basic Major Milestones of ROBI ? First time introduced the mobile Plus (PSTN Incoming Connectivity only) Product Services in Bangladesh. ? First time introduced the Tele-Ramadan (Timing of Iftar and Sehri during Ramadan) under Tele-info Services in Bangladesh. First time introduced the Seamless Coverage throughout the Dhaka- Chittagong Highway and named it as Chittagong Dhaka Corridor (CDC). ? First time introduce the full fl edged IVR based Customer Services (Call Center) in telecom market. ? First time introduced cellular services in the most northern part of Bangladesh by launching ROBI Service in Rangpur and Dinajpur in 2002. ? TMIB brought Twenty Six (26) Districts and the outskirts under ROBI network by the end of Year 2002 happyly. ? Introduced the automatic system generated bill amount and payment request for the Post-paid subscribers in 2002.The automatic unbarring facility, after necessary payment making by the subscribers, is also a part of this system. Today, ROBI is accepted as a leading brand in Bangladesh and this is driven by our persistent pursuit of quality and technology, putting it clearly ahead of the rest. The future with ROBI is promised to be exciting as we strive to employ the best resources and latest technology in offering many more innovative and exciting products and services Statement of the Topic We have selected the topic of Determination of Training and Development need s in ROBI for our report. Training Programmes in ROBIThe bringing up program is a vital link in the process of converting the recruit into productive re sacrificeatives. The money, which is worn out(p) on recruiting and selecting people, whitethorn be wasted if their selection is not followed up with the proper knowledge programs. Additionally, go through reps may not im spring up or even maintain their productivity if they are not provided with an able amount of continual facts of life. So the purpose of information is to relate and improve the specific surgical operation colligate readinesss, attitudes, perception and behaviors require peoples success with the state of readiness of the force.As ROBI is the leading provider of telecom services, they always want to serve their best. That is why, they have very strong and effective homework part to train the best development to their employees. At ROBI the top- take management believes that their primary competitive advan tage comes from their employees. In the ever-changing mobile industry, all of they must continuously upgrade their skills and knowledge in order to maintain this competitive advantage. Their pedagogy programs are based on the agate business natures and the performance of the employees.Their goal is to attract, retain and trip the very best and to do that they support development, development, and business education. Importance of Training and Development Process in ROBI Training and Development is the field concerned with placemental activity aimed at bettering the performance of individuals and groups in organizational settings. In other words it means taking human inputs recruited or even existing employees and turning them into productive part of the company. ROBI believes that Training programs should be taken as a continual, ongoing process, which improve the scenario in different dimensions such as ?Training process is conducted to provide the freshers the basic knowledg e which is needful to perform their specific occupation improvely. ? Robi provides practice session for the new employees, to implement the basic knowledge. Because Robi believes on the more practice the more perfect empolyee. ? Training provides the people with better improved knowledge, working habits, working techniques which are essential part to discover both employee and company satisfaction and thus retaining them in the long run. ? Training programs also uphold trainee to develop positive attitude about themselves and company as a whole.As a developing country, Bangladeshi people, in general, are not very aware about the scientific changes that are taking place. Through Training and Development process ROBI wants to make the each and every employee that much capable so that they can prove themselves as one of the most vital weapons to achieve overall, long-run goals of the organization. And from these word of honors we can realize that how important the Training and D evelopment process is in ROBI. Training Process in ROBI ROBI uses different reproduction technique depending on the discipline content, urpose of the training program, participants of the program as well as time take for the completion of the training. The training program of ROBI is conducted before sending the entry level employees to the workstation. The training need of each employee is analyzed through two processes TNA Training Need Analysis SGA Skill Gap Analysis The results of these two Training Need Analysis processes judges how much training each employee needs There are two types of training process 1. In-house training This training is provided through the vendors.Employee supervisors or line autobuss provide a coaching for the new employees. In coaching, lectures are delivered to provide knowledge related to the specific jobs. A lecture is the best way to present a basic outline of a subject in a shorter time to a larger number of trainees than any of the other te chniques. For example, when information about ROBIS products, new services, and new perplexings in the enquiry and company information, market condition is to be given to the trainees then the training surgical incision adopts lectures.With this technique, a trainer can handle a high number of participants and give greater volume of information at bottom a short time period 2. Foreign training To implement new technology Robi have to train their new employees from foreign countries. They have arranged for international training for their employees accord their performance . In this case the employee has to sign a Bond assuring the company that he will not grant company next few years. This duration varies based on the training. Employees are mainly sent to Malaysia for this higher(prenominal) training.The cost of relocations, the whole expense of food and housing are providing by ROBI Company as long as they are in the abroad for training. Job rotation ROBI provide job rotati on to the entry-level employees. In this process they dont send their employee of one division to another department for training. What they do is that they effective send employee of one branch to another or one region to another. Discussion In ROBI, when any new system is launched or when there is any need for changing the technique or policies, discussion is used as a training method where both the trainer and the trainees can share their thoughts and opinions.During the leadership training, induction training as training on advanced selling skill the training department usually prefers discussion. Sometimes, when cases are given to the trainees to solve the problem and suggest recommendation, group discussion also takes place among the trainees. Supervision of training by ROBI HR Department Though the training programs are provided by different departments, the overall supervision is upon the HR department. They look after the overall process and do some terrene functions. T hey are as follows ?Prepare, maintain and update training related database. ? Prepare career development plan ? Prepare induction training manual/modules ? Evaluate training program ? To Make agreement among ROBI and employees for overseas training ? To communicate with different local training institutions ? To communicate with trainers/instructors. Objectives of Training Programs in ROBI A primary objective of many training programs is to teach the force how to be more productive. Usually, a somebodys productivity will increase with experience.But if training can substitute for some of the needed experience, higher productivity levels should be reached earlier. Training Plan Training gives new employees the skills required to perform their jobs perfectly. So make the training program perfect ROBI plans some steps, which are helpful for the fresher. ROBI follows the chase steps to conduct training. ? Trainee As newly hired psyche doesnt have enough knowledge about the company an d his job, training can help them in this regard. Although experienced people have knowledge about their job fluid they need training to cope with the changing world. Training needs ROBI mainly follows need based training. That is, whenever the supervisor arises that his/her subordinates need sufficient training they immediately take necessary steps and arrange training programs. They are as follows ? Performance testing ? Job analysis ? Force review ? Performance survey ? Observation ? Training times Timing of the training has two basic attitudes. Some organizations prefer training first than go for the job, where as some organizations want training based on after job performance.ROBI, the Training programs are made as yearly basis for providing training on techniques and skills for all level of their employees including the ones from other departments because they believe that in a organization everybody needs to have skill. The marketing department, sales department and HR dep artment altogether do the overall plan. This yearly plan for training is enhanced by the monthly meetings held in every spots where ROBI has subsidiaries. These meetings are referred to as Pre- cycle Briefing meeting. These meetings try to find out in which areas and for which employees training is needed.In the beginning of the training, expectations from each participant in the training program are assessed and according to that the managers design the content of the training. At every meeting, each department discuss and analysis the performance of the worker of their department in the past month and identifies whether they are performing accordingly or not. If psyche fails to perform and cannot reach the objective then the need for training arises. Plan of every individual department also has significant impact on the training plan because only proper training can ensure the implementation of the plan.The yearly plan for providing training makes sure that it can be helpful for the proceeding of the objective of the plan. The training department plans the training before 2-3 months from the time intended to provide the training to the employees. The Training Manager is responsible for preparing the budgeting, plan on which training for whom in all department, planned actions, and also give guidelines to the Human Resource Department for recruitment and selection. However, Training Manager specifically works with the related training.According to the companys perspective, everybody should have knowledge about their related job. So, the Training Manager plans what type of training is required for new recruits and the existing personnel and how the training is going to change the current performance and will help in achieving the desired level of performance. Both the managers analyze the performance of the trainee after attending the training program taken place in the last month and set strategy for the next months training plan. ? Training place Training can be provided in both centralized and change manner.Centralized training occurs when all the people come to one central location (often home office) to have training. On the other hand decentralized training of people is usually held in field or regional offices. ROBI follows both centralized and decentralized training. General management training program for the top level executives are mainly held in the home office because centralized school normally has more formal facilities for training than are available in the field. As top-level executives need more advanced training, thats why, it usually held in the head-office.On the other hand, those whose works are mainly field based, they often have to go with their senior people to the field, have to do on-the-job training, attend seminars, conferences etc to increase their outer knowledge. ? Trainer A trainer is the person on whom the success or failure of the whole training program is dependent. There are third types trainers b y, they are- I. Regular line executives II. Staff personnel and III. Outside specialists. Because each has certain advantages, it is not unusual to find organizations using all these three types as well as using one or two types.It basically depends on the size of the firm, the characteristics of the product line, the focus of the training where the sessions are held etc. ROBI has both line executive trainer and outside specialists. The HR manager and senior supervisor usually train their own force. In that way, the trainer can get better understanding about the laggings of their force and can take necessary steps according to that. On the other hand, force also get known surroundings because of their own supervisor as their trainer. Robi also bring outside specialists from abroad comparable Malaysia.In this way, they get the most advance and recent information from their competitors. ? Trainee Evaluation In ROBI, The effectiveness of a training program is heedful by evaluation o f the trainees. This evaluation is necessary in terms of assessing the value of the training and in terms of improving the design of future programs. There are mainly four outcomes based on which the organization evaluates the success or failure of each training program. The four outcomes are- reaction, learning, behavior and results.After each training session, each must have to submit an annual assessment. In the annual assessment, each trainee is asked to do report regarding the training program and is asked to do presentations on the items they have learnt. During the training, quizzes and assignments are also given among the trainees. The effects of training on their performance are evaluated through the performance they have done after taking part in the training compared to the performance they used to do before the training and by this the organization measure the effectiveness of that training program.The trainees who have gone abroad for attending the training program are required to submit a report regarding on the materials taught in the whole training program. This type of evaluation helps both the trainers as well as the trainees. The trainees can compare their own performance and try to improve according to that. The trainers can judge the effectiveness of training and can develop better strategy for the upcoming training program. Development Programmes in ROBI Management development is any attempt to managerial performance by tell knowledge, changing attitudes, or increasing skills.For the past few years management developments focus has been shifting from preparing managers to read higher level slots to preparing them to meet the challenges of managing in past paced environment. Increasingly, therefore, the emphasis is on developing a managers ability to learn and make decisions under conditions of rapid change. The management development program may be aimed at chartering a specific position, such as CEO, perhaps with one of two potential candidates. When it is an executive position to be filled, the process is usually called succession readiness.Succession planning refers to the process through which senior level openings are planned for and eventually filled. Importance of Development Programmes in ROBI When ROBI selects their own employees to fill the vacant higher positions they look for the employee who are ready to get the higher position. As they do not follow the personnel replacement chart or position replacement card they have to make those employees ready to acquire the higher position ROBI conducts development program for them. It helps those employees to have the ability to take decisions those are required in the higher-level position.Those who deserve the higher position pay for a development process conducted by ROBI but its true that their development programs are not well organized though they take some necessary steps for developing their employees who are working inside the organization. Develop ment Process in ROBI ? Way of Conducting Development Process Before starting a development program they analyze the employees to what accomplishment they need the development to be fit for the higher position. To analyze this they go through SGA (skill gap analysis). On the basis of the SGA every employee has to have a yearly 40 hours development process.It depends on the current skill of those employees. Every employee of ROBI (from manager to managing director) goes through a career succession planning. Through this career succession planning employees develops their skills to deserve the vacant higher position. ? The Development Process To conduct a development process ROBI follows the following on the jobs techniques 1. Job rotation ROBI provide job rotation to the managerial employees also. But the idea of ROBIs job rotation policy is limited only to the department. That means they dont send their employees of one department to another department.What they do is that they just send employee of one branch to another or one region to another. For example, for job rotation they send Marketing manager of Chittagong branch to the Marketing department of Dhaka branch as a manager which position is vacant, but they dont send a marketing manager to the sells department or HR department or any other branches. 2. Junior Board It is used for operational decisions in most cases. But sometimes it is used to take very few strategic decisions (example to design training program). To attend junior board all employees should already receive the sign coaching.In junior board top level managers have a sit with the sub-ordinates and encourage them to provide possible suggestions regarding a decision. The sub-ordinates try to give suggestions through brainstorming using the knowledge provided in the initial coaching. Problems of Training and Development Programs in Robi Though ROBI follows most of the rules and regulations of standard training programs but still they have s ome problems with their existing training and development programs. Some of the problems are listed below- ? They dont have action-learning program.As a result employees dont get scope to increase their project skill and to know about the problems of another department. ? They dont concentrate on off the job training. We know, off the job training is sometimes more important to know about the job. ? Review system is not strong enough. As a result it becomes quite difficult to understand how effective the training was. ? Lack of motivation in the training side. ROBI dont set off that much while employees took training. They took training just like they are doing their regular jobs. Less scope of developing for the senior employees. Senior employee especially the aged employees dont have sufficient idea about the changing environment of technology. Recommendation and Ways of Implement of Training and Development Programs in Robi In order to solve the problems with the existing traini ng and development system, we recommend the following suggestion. The ways of implementing those recommendations is also discussed. 1. From the problem part, we become able to know that ROBI dont follow action learning training and off the job training.We would not recommend implementing action learning training. But ROBI should provide off the job training. Because, for some sectors or jobs off the job training is more valuable than on the job training. In order to implement off the job training in the company they can follow those steps ? Select the sectors and employee for this training ? A time horizon for the training. It will be selected by the discussion with the employees. ? Then the trainer would be selected. They dont need to hire new trainer for this, they can provide off the job training ith their existing trainer. ? Sufficient training materials should be provided to the employees. 2. They should motivate employee to give more concentration on their training. The reaso n is that motivations dont cost enough money, but it helps to the employees to learn rapidly. If they are motivated and learn the job then not only they will be benefited, at the same time they will serve the company with their best effort. In order to motivate them, ROBI can provide them various incentives, like- informing them about the benefit of the training, how it will help them, etc. 3.Senior employees should also be developed always. We already mentioned that in ROBI senior employees do not get enough facilities and time to develop themselves. As a result they always have lack of idea about the technological change. In order to provide training for the senior employees ROBI may need to provide different sessions like action learning, case study method, management games. So, it may cost ROBI. But in the long run, they will be benefited. Conclusion ROBI is trying to cope up with the changing market situation and that is why they have come with a new name, new slogan and new mi ssion.To be very frank, the telecom sector of our country is totally dominated by GrameenPhone Ltd, with its extreme superior network coverage and customer services. to a fault in last year, Bharti Airtel made its entrance in our country by capturing the ownership of WARID telecom. So this telecom industry will be in a fluctuating situation within a very short time. Technologically ROBI is lagging behind far more than GP. So to make progress and capture the more market share it needs drastic steps to make improvement.ROBI has a very concupiscent and hard working marketing department, very dedicating customer service team who are trying their level best to take ROBI one step ahead because previously its slogan was ONE STEP AHEAD. Although its slogan has been changed but its vision should be like this to cement its place into this industry. We hope ROBI will be successful with its new brand name and its products and services. Bibliography Name of Websites Are- http//www. robi. com. b d/ www. google. com www. en. wikipedia. org www. gsmworld. com www. btrc. gov. bd www. aktel-users-group. blogspot. com 2