Digital Fortress Chapter 118-122

Chapter 118Its proof, Fontaine said decidedly. Tankado dumped the ring. He wanted it as far from himself as possible-so wed never find it. exclusively if, Director, Susan argued, it doesnt figure step up sense. If Tankado was unaware hed been murdered, why would he give a path the kill edict?I agree, Jabba said. The kids a rebel, plainly hes a rebel with a conscience. get us to admit to TRANSLTR is 1 thing revealing our classified databank is another.Fontaine stared, disbelieving. You have in mind Tankado wanted to stop this worm? You think his dying thoughts were for the poor NSA?Tunnel-block eating away a technician yelled. Full vulnerability in fifteen minutes, maximumIll sort out you what, the director declared, taking control. In fifteen minutes, every Third mankind country on the planet will learn how to build an intercontinental ballistic missile. If some cardinal in this room thinks hes got a bankrupt prospect for a kill code than this ring, Im all ears. The dire ctor waited. No one spoke. He returned his gaze to Jabba and locked eyes. Tankado dumped that ring for a reason, Jabba. Whether he was trying to finish it, or whether he thought the fat guy would run to a pay phone and call us with the information, I really dont care. But Ive made the decision. Were entering that quote. Now.Jabba took a long breath. He k rising Fontaine was right-there was no better option. They were running out of time. Jabba sat. Okay lets do it. He pulled himself to the keyboard. Mr. Becker? The inscription, please. Nice and easy.David Becker study the inscription, and Jabba typed. When they were done, they double-checked the spelling and omitted all the spaces. On the mettle panel of the view wall, upright the top, were the letterQUISCUSTODIETIPSOSCUSTODESI dont like it, Susan muttered softly. Its not clean.Jabba hesitated, hovering over the ENTER key.Do it, Fontaine commanded.Jabba hit the key. Seconds later the whole room knew it was a mistake.Chapter 119I ts accelerating Soshi yelled from the lynchpin of the room. Its the wrong codeEveryone stood in silent horror.On the screen originally them was the error messageILLEGAL ENTRY. NUMERIC FIELD ONLY.Damn it Jabba screamed. numerical only Were aromaing for a goddamn number Were fucked This ring is prickingWorms at double speed Soshi shouted. Penalty roundOn the center screen, right beneath the error message, the VR painted a terrifying image. As the third firewall gave way, the half(a)-dozen or so black lines repre displaceing marauding hackers surged forward, advancing relentlessly toward the core. With each passing moment, a new line appeared. Then another.Theyre swarming Soshi yelled. validating overseas tie-ins cried another technician. Words outSusan averted her gaze from the image of the collapsing firewalls and turned to the expression screen. The footage of Ensei Tankados kill was on endless loop. It was the same every time-Tankado clutching his chest, falling, and with a look of desperate panic, forcing his ring on a group of unsuspecting tourists. It makes no sense, she thought. If he didnt know wed killed him Susan drew a total blank. It was too late. Weve lose something.On the VR, the number of hackers pounding at the gates had doubled in the last few minutes. From now on, the number would increase exponentially. Hackers, like hyenas, were one big family, always eager to spread the word of a new kill.Leland Fontaine had apparently seen enough. Shut it down, he declared. Shut the damn thing down.Jabba stared solid ahead like the captain of a sinking ship. Too late, sir. Were breathing out down.Chapter 120The four-hundred-pound Sys-Sec stood motionless, hands resting atop his head in a freeze-frame of disbelief. Hed uniform a power shutdown, that it would be a good cardinal minutes too late. Sharks with high-speed modems would be able to download staggering quantities of classified information in that window.Jabba was awakened from his night mare by Soshi charge to the podium with a new printout. Ive found something, sir she said excitedly. Orphans in the cite Alpha groupings. All over the placeJabba was unmoved. Were looking for a numeric, dammit not an alpha The kill-code is a numberBut weve got orphans Tankados too good to choke orphans-especially this m some(prenominal)The term orphans referred to extra lines of programming that didnt serve the programs objective in any way. They fed nothing, referred to nothing, led nowhere, and were usually remove as exposit of the final debugging and compiling process.Jabba took the printout and studied it.Fontaine stood silent.Susan peered over Jabbas shoulder at the printout. Were cosmos attacked by a rough draft of Tankados worm?Polished or not, Jabba retorted, its kicking our ass.I dont buy it, Susan argued. Tankado was a perfectionist. You know that. Theres no way he left bugs in his program.There are lots of them Soshi cried. She grabbed the printout from Jabba and pu shed it in front of Susan. LookSusan nodded. Sure enough, after every twenty or so lines of programming, there were four free-floating characters. Susan scanned them.PFEESESNRETM quatern-bit alpha groupings, she puzzled. Theyre definitely not share of the programming.Forget it, Jabba growled. Youre grabbing at straws.Maybe not, Susan said. A lot of encoding uses four-bit groupings. This could be a code.Yeah. Jabba groaned. It says-Ha, ha. Youre fucked. He looked up at the VR. In about nightspot minutes.Susan ignored Jabba and locked in on Soshi. How many orphans are there?Soshi shrugged. She commandeered Jabbas ending and typed all the groupings. When she was done, she pushed back from the terminal. The room looked up at the screen.PFEE SESN RETM MFHA IRWE OOIG MEEN NRMAENET SHAS DCNS IIAA IEER BRNK FBLE LODISusan was the only one smiling. Sure looks familiar, she said. Blocks of four-just like Enigma.The director nodded. Enigma was historys most famous code-writing machine-th e Nazis twelve-ton encryption beast. It had encrypted in blocks of four.Great. He moaned. You wouldnt happen to have one lying around, would you?Thats not the point Susan said, suddenly coming to life. This was her specialty. The point is that this is a code. Tankado left us a clue Hes taunting us, daring us to figure out the pass-key in time. Hes laying hints just out of our reach Absurd, Jabba snapped. Tankado gave us only one out-revealing TRANSLTR. That was it. That was our escape. We blew it.I have to agree with him, Fontaine said. I doubt theres any way Tankado would risk letting us off the hook by hinting at his kill-code.Susan nodded vaguely, but she recalled how Tankado had given them NDAKOTA. She stared up at the letters question if he were playing another one of his games.Tunnel block half gone a technician called.On the VR, the mass of black tie-in lines surged deeper into the deuce remaining shields.David had been sitting quietly, watching the drama unfold on the moni toring device before them. Susan? he offered. I have an idea. Is that schoolbook in cardinal groupings of four?Oh, for Christs sake, Jabba said under his breath. Now everyone wants to play?Susan ignored Jabba and counted the groupings. Yes. Sixteen. start out out the spaces, Becker said firmly.David, Susan replied, slightly embarrassed. I dont think you understand. The groupings of four are- tell apart out the spaces, he repeated.Susan hesitated a moment and then nodded to Soshi. Soshi quickly removed the spaces. The result was no more enlightening. PFEESESNRETMPFHAIRWEOOIGMEENN RMAENETSHASDCNSIIAAIEERBRNKFBLELODIJabba exploded. ENOUGH Playtimes over This things on double-speed Weve got about eight minutes here Were looking for a number, not a bunch of half-baked lettersFour by sixteen, David said calmly. Do the math, Susan.Susan eyed Davids image on the screen. Do the math? Hes terrible at math She knew David could memorize verb conjugations and vocabulary like a Xerox machine, b ut math?Multiplication tables, Becker said.Multiplication tables, Susan wondered. What is he talking about?Four by sixteen, the professor repeated. I had to memorize multiplication tables in poop grade.Susan pictured the standard grade school multiplication table. Four by sixteen. 64, she said blankly. So what?David leaned toward the camera. His face filled the frame. Sixty-four lettersSusan nodded. Yes, but theyre- Susan froze.Sixty-four letters, David repeated.Susan gasped. Oh my God David, youre a geniusChapter 121Seven minutes a technician called out.Eight rows of eight Susan shouted, excited.Soshi typed. Fontaine looked on silently. The second to last shield was ontogeny thin.Sixty-four letters Susan was in control. Its a perfect full-blooded amend square? Jabba demanded. So what?Ten seconds later Soshi had rearranged the seemingly hit-or-miss letters on the screen. They were now in eight rows of eight. Jabba studied the letters and threw up his hands in despair. The new l ayout was no more revealing than the original. P F E E S E S NR E T M P F H AI R W E O O I GM E E N N R M AE N E T S H A SD C N S I I A AI E E R B R N KF B L E L O D IClear as shit. Jabba groaned.Ms. Fletcher, Fontaine demanded, explain yourself. All eyes turned to Susan.Susan was stare up at the block of text. Gradually she began nodding, then broke into a wide smile. David, Ill be damnedEveryone on the podium exchanged disoriented looks.David winked at the tiny image of Susan Fletcher on the screen before him. Sixty-four letters. Julius Caesar strikes again.Midge looked lost. What are you talking about?Caesar box. Susan beamed. Read top to rear. Tankados sending us a message.Chapter 122Six minutes a technician called out.Susan shouted orders. Retype top to bottom Read down, not acrossSoshi furiously moved down the columns, retyping the text.Julius Caesar sent codes this way Susan blurted. His letter count was always a perfect squareDone Soshi yelled.Everyone looked up at the ne wly arranged, single line of text on the wall-screen.Still garbage, Jabba scoffed in disgust. Look at it. Its totally random bits of- The words lodged in his throat. His eyes widened to saucers. Oh oh myFontaine had seen it too. He arched his eyebrows, obviously impressed.Midge and Brinkerhoff some(prenominal) cooed in unison. Holy shit.The sixty-four letters now read PRIMEDIFFERENCEBETWEENELEMENTSRESPON SIBLEFORHIROSHIMAANDNAGASAKI enjoin in the spaces, Susan ordered. Weve got a puzzle to solve.

Unit 19 P3

P3 curriculum selling for a micro start-up job that is relevant to customer need a) Marketing definition and opportunity At einsteinium Side we make that we tail endnot sell to the whole market, unless by knowing the size and trends in the market we pass on be able to assess future opportunities and squ entirely future sales patterns. The people who result buy from us imply middle class professional people, these individuals can be either gamey earners or those on a budget. b) Proposed target trade segments Age 20-45 long time SexMale/Female OccupationProfessional people/middle class Income? 18,000 and above ) Demand for w be The reasons for demand of our products include The bea is just developing due to the braid of the London Luton Airport. It ordain benefit from the boost in touring car those self-catering tourist who will require our function and due to our strategic location consumers essential frequent as there are no new(prenominal) routes to and fro m the Airport. d) contestation There are many rivals offering similar products and services, in an lather to puff customers and be different our consumers will be able to shop in spacious air conditioned comfort. * Leaflets will also be place in the weekly newspaper. Flyers will also be distributed and raise parties can make an order by the contact details on the flyer. * Our sales team covers every village and town. * We are open 24/7 and do home deliveries to our customers * Loyalty cards which offer benefits to liege customers Also a unique feature of East side is the centre of attention department which is the walk-in refrigerated cooler. It is an experience like no other. Customers can stroll through isles of the largest selections of bulk meats, fresh cut meats and provisions a customer can always be assured to find their favorite(a) cuts.A customer can select a bulk item and realise it custom cut by our experienced butcher at no additional charge. e) How success wil l be measured To batten that our marketing efforts were successful, East Side will check performance in * broth turnover this will enable us to learn which items or services are slow to sell and which are very popular and to brush up the product mix effectively. * Customer satisfaction if customers are happy this in turn will generate more sales, we will review both complaints and comments and their views on our prices and other improvements they may want us to make. Sales levels a monthly analysis will help our line to identify patterns in sales and show when we need to take action to boost sales. * The numerate of new customers who visit the melodic line f) Other external influences Government regulations totally bath (Value Added Tax) will be paid over to the Government. This can lay down cash flow problem for the short letter, because all VAT is payable on all sales, including credit sales, which means that the business has to pay over VAT before the currency is actually collected from the customer.If the business fails to pay the VAT, past eventually the Government will send authorities to insist on payments or face legal actions. Ethical Issues Expiry Dates All expire products will be removed from the shelves and will be disposed of harmonise to local and international guidelines. Expired goods on the shelves can ruin the spirit of the business and drive away customers. It can also be heartrending to our health. Trends * People eating healthier will affect what you stock. There has been an improver in more healthful products being marketed by the major nourishment companies than ever before. Pricing will be stable and somewhat obtuse compared to prior year price swings. * Private label will stick around to gain market share compared to branded products. P4 Plan a costed advancemental activity for a micro start-up business that is appropriate for customer conferences a) organize with the rest of the marketing mix Promotion is a very all-important(a) part of the marketing mix. In an effort to include the other aspects of the marketing mix to reach our target customers we will do research to identify which products target customers need and will buy. go these will increase sales and profits. Offering products no one wants or which throw away expensive or unnecessary features will do the opposite. We submit to decide on a price, this is the amount of money of money customers must exchange for the product or service. Price is a key element of the marketing mix as it generates income for the organization. All other elements of the mix incur costs. Therefore, the pricing decision is critical to the success of the organization. Finally, we have to decide where and how the products and services should be placed. b) Image to be developedThe image our promotional plan will reflect is that we are an environmentally friendly business providing for but not limited to the needs of middle class people. c) be and schedule for the campaign A chap an effective way our business will get noticed is by advertising on our business vehicle. We are a small business therefore we will have to spend the available money wisely. We will also advertise through the local newspaper and the internet, this will be very beneficial as both methods are relatively inexpensive newspapers provide timely knowledge and the internet can be directly involved with promotional activities.Schedule for the campaign The purpose of the promotional campaign is to make the public aware of the depute of our new business. This campaign will start on Monday 16th April and hound for two weeks ending on the 30th April 2012. d) Types of promotional materials Not all promotional materials will attract the same customer group, this is wherefore East Side will use different promotional methods to attract more customer groups. After studying the buying habits of our target customers and where they look for information.It was obser ve that a poster attracts the attention of the travelling public, leaflets are preferred when promoting a local service and a large amount of people will look for information online. e) Nature of the promotional materials The aim of our promotional materials is to attract attention and interest. Effective colour and wording helps to reflect the image of the business, this is why we will hire professional graphic designers to help us fix a style for our business stationery and marketing materials. This will ensure they are easily recognizable and reflect the right image. ) Name of the business The names of the business will be East Side this is because no one else has this name. The name is appropriate as it is not offensive in any way and does not already exist as a recognized brand. It will also be easy for our customers to regard as. g) Ideas for branding At East Side we would like to develop a brand, this would be a major asset for us because it will help people to remember our business and if we provide a good service, it wll associate specific qualities such(prenominal) as, reliability, value for money, honesty and professional expertise.It will also save money on marketing in the long run since customers stay allegiant to a brand they know and trust. h) Website design and functionality East Side will have some presence on the internet. This will be a quite basic site which simply summarizes what we offer and where we are. The website will be very user friendly there is a search celerity where, if customers know the name or type of product they are looking at for it can be easily found. We will promote our website by placing the squall on all stationery and the company vehicle. ) Reasons why the promotional materials are appropriate The promotional materials will be appropriate since our target customers group is people aged between 18 and 40, these more mature individuals are more likely to read newspapers and search online for information. j) Meas uring the success of promotions The success of East Sides promotions will be measured by the material body of new enquires received by phone or email, the number of new customers who visit the business and sales levels. The cost of each promotion will also be taken into account. If the cost is high but the benefit will be small, then an alternative method will be found.

Analysis of Conflict Essay

Beijing Bi troll is a 2001 Chinese drama hire under the joint venture of the Taiwanese Arc Light Films and the cut Pyramide Productions. Staring first-time actors Cui Lin and Li Bin, This film premiered at the Berlin International Film fete and won the Jury Grand Prix and clean Talent Award. This film is a perfect subject of the gen sequencetion the director Wang Xiaoshuai grew up in. The people that embody Beijing as headspring as the lifestyle they lived ar well portrayed in this film. The social status along with the master(a) characteristics of the photograph such as the bicycle (an extremely common use of carry-over during this period in chinaware) and mail deli very(prenominal) were great facets to portrayal of 6th Generation china.The conflicts faced through with(predicate) the two primary characters are emblematical of the issues Wang attempts to express, and leaves an all important(predicate) impact on the difference amidst stereotypical mainland mainland m ainland China and the collection of unique rough life experiences that needed to be evince with the Chinese people. Through this film Beijing pedal I provide investigate the work of Wang Xiaoshuai, a famous Sixth Generation director, and apologize the particular social, frugal, and policy-making trends that Wang expresses through this film while exploring the historical periods that brought refining to these issues as well the socio-economic divisions of change.The emergence of the Sixth Generation film directors in the global film market was come togetherly connected to the disposalal currency attributed to their films tube intersection pointion in China. The early films directed by Zhang Yuan, Wan Xiaoshuai, and Jia Zhangke, for example were often referred to as pipe films by festivals and the media because of their taboo subjects, proceeds byside Chains formal studio system and censorship bureaucracy, and their vicious submission to (or screening at) internatio nal film festivals outside China (Chris pick 2003,35).The underground phenomenon in new Chinese cinema from mainland China is a result of global and local politics. However, underground pagan production is non unique to China and has great brilliance of historicizing Chinas underground cinema. This in part can be accomplished by avoiding the ground-emplaced mine of assuming that underground film in China is a product of an absolute dichotomy among legal and illegal film production, official sanction versus official censure, and market availability versus proscribed access.The cultural whirling and its lasting effectsOrganizationally, the ethnical Revolution was an assault on the middle(a) levels of the Chinese bureaucracy, in an attempt to make them less bureaucratic and to a greater extent open to mass participation. The idea was to enforce communism in the inelegant by removing capitalist, traditional and cultural elements from Chinese society, and to impose Maoist orth odoxy at heart the Party. Economically, transmutationary pragmatism represented pursuit of some Cultural revolutionist goals, but non others. Essentially most economic activity was halted, with revolution, regardless of interpretation, macrocosm the primary objective of the country. Equalization of economic differences between city and countryside remained an operative goal, with vigorous efforts undertaken to provide machinery, fertilizer, and construction materials to agricultural communes and to take pedagogicsal and public health services deeper into hoidenish areas. (HARRY HARDING 2009, 70) Ironically, the ten age of the Cultural Revolution brought Chinas education system to a virtual halt. some(prenominal) intellectuals were sent to rural labour camps, and legion(predicate) of those who survived go away China shortly after the revolution ended. The Cultural Revolution to a fault brought to the forefront numerous internal power struggles within the Communist party, many of which had little to do with the larger battles between Party leaders, but resulted or else from local factionalism and petty rivalries that were usually unrelated to the revolution itself. Because of the chaotic political environment, local governments lacked organization and stability, if they existed at all. Members of different factions often fought on the streets, and political assassinations, particularly in predominantly rural provinces, were common. There was a decisive struggle in local authority, with a tremendous need for cosmos restructuring. Social, Economic, and Political Trends in China since the Cultural Revolution The imprint of the magisterial goals of the Cultural Revolution is misleading.China since the Cultural Revolution has seen the redefinition of policy in social and economic ideals as well as the re-allocation of political power. Many changes were made and equalization of peasant incomes within communes was no longer actively sought. For instanc e, in the set-back of 1970, Peking announced that the production team (the smallest corpo put agricultural unit within the commune) would remain the basic unit of report (HARRY HARDING 2009, 71). This meant, in effect, that no effort would be made to redistribute resources from richer to poorer production teams. It was today viewed that egalitarianism would solitary(prenominal) lead to weaken peasant want and morale. There concured a highly volatile combination of unspecified policies confused with fragmented power that allowed proper pursuit of proper leadership in a more systematic and realistic way.Important shifts occurred with restoration of organisational discipline, acceptance of certain economic inequalities, an accommodative and conciliatory foreign policy, and flush signs of intellectual and artistic liberalization. Thus, the long-term success for the campaign by the Cultural Revolution to pennyralise bureaucratic ideals (red tape, duplication of function, overs taffing, and inefficiency) is uncertain. Every prominent theory of organizational behavior, as well as the annals of Chinas own organizations, suggests that organizational puzzles have not been completely solved. Arguable, the fast rate of economic development is impeded by the lack of systematic k directledge about managing in highly valuable dynamic contexts.Not only is competition immensifying in China, but the rules regulate competition are in addition changing. These conditions raise fundamental economic, sociological, and organizational questions about management during periods of transition (Anne Tsui 2004, 134). And save, at the foundation, mass participation in governmental affairs is still very much in evidence with attempts still being made to reduce disparities in income between city and countryside (HARRY HARDING 2009, 76). China today is scarcely not the same as it was before the Cultural Revolution. The formulation of moderate social, economic, and organizatio nal policies has been accompanied by explicit repudiation of the excesses of the Cultural Revolution.What guided the Directors experiences and expressions emerging from post-cultural RevolutionThe Cultural Revolution has often been set forth as a decade of turbulence and catastrophe in cinema. insomuch as cinema is concerned, feature production was suspended from 1967 to 1969. A totality of 598 features and over 1,000 documentary, animation and educational titles that had been produced in the proceeding seventeen age, as well as 883 foreign features, were sealed and stored. (Yingjin Zhang 2004, 217) However, rising from this revolution, heroism, collectivism, and optimism characterized socialist cinema, which functions in the main as a historical discourse designed to legitimize the CCP administration and its political hegemony in the PRC. As discourse, socialist cinema reconstructed a utopian revolutionary or socialist family in which individuals are give critical moments to discard their own private fantasies, discipline and reform themselves by voluntary participation in collective work.The acceptance in individuals in the grand family, most often symbolized by their hard-earned CCP membership, is often projected as a group ceremony. Narrative structures of obstacle-fighting-victory and ordinary folk-revolutionary-hero are simultaneously filmic ingredients and recognise comp singlents of the new post-revolution. To get away from political constraints and to probe beneath the ideologic surface of Chinese films, a summate of scholars shifted their attention to films aesthetic effect, narrative structure, and thematic concerns from the mid-1980s on, and the result is what I call the history of film art (Yingjin Zhang 1999, 9).Other issues the director was directly impacted by as seen through the film Beijing Bicycle is the societal exertion to take on a police perspective. Discoveries show that with each red ink year, the number of criminals tracked down in Beijing from within the ranks of the in-migration increases. From 18.5 per cent of criminals in 1986, it increased to 18.6 per cent in 1987 and then jumped to 24.6 per cent in 1988 (Michael Dutton 1992, 89).The films expression of China through CyclingA primary expression that the Director Wang Xiaoshuai uses in the film is the appropriation of cycling as a cultural technique for travel and inter-relations. China, even today, is known to contain iodin of the largest fleets of bicycles in the world. To assess the degree to which the introduction of modern technical products challenged Chinese society at the end of the 19th century and later, one has to take into account the continuous action toward industrialization and modernization in China. In the 1930s, the Chinese cycle persistence came into being. Nearly synchronously, the three largest importers of bicycles Tongchang Chehang (Shanghai), Changcheng (Tianjin), and Daxing (Shenyang) establish their production lines. St arting around 1929/1930, with the assembly of manufactured and imported cycle parts, the enterprises grew rapidly.The combined output of the Chinese bicycle industry reached 10,000 units annually between 1937 and 1945. By the mid-1930s, Chinese cycle history reached a stage similar to that of Western Europe around the turn of the last century. A rapid increase in numbers of cyclists in the larger cities can be observed shortly after mass production was taken up. Prices now finally reached a level, which brought the bicycle within the reach of a wider people. The number of bike owners in Shanghai (3.5 cardinal inhabitants) constantly increased to 230,000 in the late 1940s. China-wide, there may have been half a one million million million bicycles in 1949. The year 1949 marks the pivotal year in Chinese national history in both cycle history and the induction of the Peoples Republic of China.The bicycle soon found a self-coloured advocate in the communist government. The bicycl e received strong support by the government in three principal ship canal the cycle industry, urban street planning, and financial subsidies. The nascent bicycle industry thus was able to accomplish growth rates of 58.7% annually -ambitiously charted out in the first Chinese Five-Year-Plan (Esfehani Amir 2012). The level of one million bicycles was reached in 1958. It seems that economic and modern infrastructural reasons, rather than cultural preconditions explain Chinas development into the bicycle nation of the 20th century. Todays ubiquity of the bicycle in China has led to the widespread effrontery of a cultural inclination of Chinese to bicycling.The films expression of China through EducationThe Cultural Revolution led to a temporary decline in educational homogamy in urban China, which was eventually change by reversal when the Cultural Revolution ended. During the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966-76), radical de-stratification policies reversed the social orde r and weakened educational value in urban China in three extreme ways. First, the impact of education as an intra-generational stratification mechanism decreased. Second, the significance of education as a facts of life mechanism of stratification to a fault declined. Lastly, the traditional cultural status of education as highly valued was attacked. Formal education was disrupted in urban areas. In the aftermath of this decline in enlightenment, the post-Cultural Revolution era (1977-94), Educational value regained its strength in urban China. To achieve market-oriented economic reform, the government resorted to education and honored intellectuals.In 1978 the new Chairman Deng Xiaoping stated, Intellectuals are part of the proletariat (Lijun Song 2009, 259. Education became increasingly prominent as a criterion for selecting a mate. Consequently individuals, especially the college education were more likely to meet potential partners in school than would have been realizable dur ing the Cultural Revolution. Also, an upsurge of divorce appeared in the early 1980s, due to the reestablished importance of education. The household registration system continued to enhance urban educational homogeneity. After the abolition of the examinations in 1979, the curricula of many schools were modernized to include readiness in science, mathematics, and foreign languages (Patricia Ebrey 1981, 254).Evidence of Social and Economic ChangeHow one sums up the particular balance of social and economic change in culture is up to the individual. The formulation of moderate social, economic, and organizational policies has been accompanied by an explicit repudiation of the excesses of the Cultural Revolution (HARRY HARDING 2009, 76). China today is simply not the same as it was before the Cultural Revolution. While some central and provincial radicals have been purged, political power in China is still fragmented, divided among provincial representatives, second-echelon military leaders, the civilian bureaucracy, and a few respectable radicals. The second legacy of the Cultural Revolution has not yet been overcome. The amount of attention China places on economic statistics at the beginning of the year indicates a new confidence in the health of the Chinese economy. Moreover, findings provide evidence that both the cultural reproduction model and the cultural mobility model have applicability to the Chinese (Yuxiao Wu 2008, pg 201).Since the economic reform in 1978, China has been one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. However, this growth has not shared comparison across China, and regional contrariety has become an important topic of academician inquiry and government policy. Rural-urban inequality is the major component of country-level regional inequality in China. It should not be forgotten that China is still a large agricultural nation. According to the 200 race Census, rural population accounted for 63.91 per cent of the total (Hui L iu 2006, 378). This reflects not only the income level (per capita income) but overly the economic development level or gross value of rural social product, and economic structure (agricultural output, and non-agricultural output).It is interesting the lack of acceptance by urban dwelling people, as this distinction between inter-regional and intra-regional inequality is important to government organizations as these are the focus of both regional problems and government policies in China. It is well known that regional inequality has a close relationship with regional development. Rural-urban migration is pushed by rising agricultural productivity and pulled by the increasing demand for the industrial products and services with the rising income of the national population. In the demo-economic model of rural-urban migration, it is assumed that the demand and supply of urban and rural labor are balanced in the process of industrialization and urbanization (Jianfa Shen 1998, 33). Th e problem lies in the rapid urbanization process in recent years caused by a liberal migration policy and rising agricultural productivity. It appears that the considerable problem previously hidden in the rural areas is now being shifted to the urban areas.Migration was tightly dominateled by the government in the pre-reform period. This was effectively achieved by the use of residence registration, grain rationing, hob allocation and housing control. presidency policies regarding urbanization and migration have changed in the reform period urbanization is now regarded as a positive process which can stimulate socio-economic development, and the control of rural-urban migration has been more or less relaxed. China in the 1990s byword unprecedented changes in all the areas of social life. Particularly profound were the changes in the economic and cultural spheres. As the country shifted from a planned to a market economic system, its economy took off, but new social problems, su ch as unemployment and increasing social inequality, followed as well. These economic developments have also been accompanied by the rise of new cultural values, notably physicalism (Guobin Yang 2003, 273).Bibliography1) Anne S. Tsui, Claudia Bird Schoonhoven, Marshall W. Meyer, Chung-Ming Lau and George T. Milkovich Organization and Management in the Midst of societal Transformation The Peoples Republic of China Organization acquirement , Vol. 15, No. 2 (Mar. Apr., 2004), pp. 133-144 2) Berry, Chris. Chinese Films in Focus II. Basingstoke, Hampshire England Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Print. 3) Dutton, Michael Robert. Streetlife China. Cambridge, UK Cambridge UP, 1998. Print. 4) Ebrey, Patricia Buckley. Chinese elaboration and Society A Sourcebook. New York Free, 1981. Print. 5) Esfehani, Amir. The Bicycle And The Chinese People the Bicycle as a Metaphor for the Early Influence of Western applied science in China. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. <http//www.imperialtours.net/bicycle.htm>. 6) Guobin Yang Chinas Zhiqing Generation Nostalgia, Identity, and Cultural defense in the 1990s Modern China , Vol. 29, No. 3 (Jul., 2003), pp. 267-296 7) nark Harding Political Trends in China Since the Cultural Revolution Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , Vol. 402, China in the initiation Today (Jul., 1972), pp. 67-82 8) Hui Liu Changing Regional Rural unlikeness in China 1980-2002 Area , Vol. 38, No. 4 (Dec., 2006), pp. 377-389 9) Jianfa Shen Chinas Future Population and Development Challenges The Geographical Journal , Vol. 164, No. 1 (Mar., 1998), pp. 32-40 10) Lijun Song The exit of the Cultural Revolution on Educational Homogamy in Urban China Social Forces, Volume 88, Number 1, September 2009, pp. 257-270 (Article) 11) Yuxiao Wu Cultural Capital, the State, and Educational Inequality in China, 19491996 Sociological Perspectives Vol. 51, No. 1 (Spring 2008) (pp. 201-227) 12) Zhang,Yingjin. Chinese National Cinema. New York Routledge, 2004. Print.

Case Study: Poliomyelitis and Nursing

Jeffrey Alba is the eldest son of Jesse and Martha Alba. At twenty- four-spot eld of age, he is suffering from a permanent disability. Jeffrey has a poliomyelitis, otherwise cognise as polio since when he was born. Specifically, he is suffering from spinal polio, a disease that shows no symptoms 90% of the time at its early stages (Fagg, 1990, p. 21) His odd leg has have a go at itly suffered from muscle atrophy for the past deuce decades, unmatchable of the evidences to the finding that the muscles in the left leg has been receiving petite nourishment and purpose due to viral invasion in the spinal column (Beale & axerophthol Horaud, 2001, p.841).Standing at approximately six feet and weighing at closely 75 kilograms, Jeffrey can barg only if walk without his crutches, and a short-distance walk along the streets of the atomic number 18a proves to be a tiresome and painful experience for him. The Alba family is composed of four membersparents and two siblings. Jeffreys sibl ing is Jennifer, a young girl of 16 geezerhood. The Alba family resides in the suburban area of Detroit, Michigan and has lived there for the length of their lives. The familys income is a little below the poverty line, living at about $20,000 annually.The family lives in a rented a dispelment after their first house was sell in 1990 due to financial stickyies. Clients Needs establish on the physical configuration of the households place, Jeffrey needs the position for him to be able to walk with less hindrance in his path. The concomitant that Jeffrey walks with the help of his crutches calls for an immediate allocation of sufficient station along the shorten manner where the family lives. Unnecessary tables and chairs situated across the living room should be removed or relocated elsewhere where Jeffrey rarely goes.Other furniture pieces much(prenominal) as cabinets that are too high for the knob to be disturbed should be carefully reconfigured so that the client can be able to reach into those areas with borderline help. Since the rented apartment where the Alba household lives is only a single flat and has no stairs, Jeffrey has no difficulties accessing the other parts of the room except for the concomitant that there are several(prenominal) tables and chairs that need to be removed from his path. The attribute of Jennifer such as her school bags and books should also be removed from the coldcock since they can impede the movement of Jeffrey from one place to another.Another observation make is that the rented apartment of the household eases on the fifth floor of the apartment complex. The apartment complex nevertheless has a functional elevator only that there are no emergency power supplies dedicated for powering the elevator during fooling power outages. The apartment complex also has stairs which can be use during emergencies. However, the stairs are steep and prove to be difficult for Jeffrey to use especially when there are othe r residents utilize the stairs.Thus, it is assured that Jeffrey should seek the help from his family in using the stairs in generation when the elevators are not functioning. More importantly, the underarm crutches that Jeffrey has been using for the past dozen years have not yet been replaced. Although the crutches are still functioning, the alloy bars are already partly bent mainly because of the cast up in weight in Jeffreys body as he grew up through the years. At six feet in height, the underarm crutches used by Jeffrey for the past six years in his life are only appropriate for individuals with a height of five feet and five inches.The shorter length of his underarm crutches can result to back complications since Jeffrey has to stoop in secern to ad fair(a) to the length of the crutches. Moreover, the physical configuration of his underarm crutches is a endorsement small compared to his physique. Thus, there is an apparent need for a replacement of the crutches in orde r to prevent several other complications that may arise from the incommensurable crutches that Jeffrey is using. Due to the familys meager income and budget, Jeffrey has rarely visited a hospital and sought-after(a) medical examination advice from a vivify.The last time that the client visited a doctor was when he was still eighteen years of age, barely six years ago. As a result, the family has no update on the current fountain of Jeffreys polio. From the family pictures taken within the past six years, it can be observed that the left leg of Jeffrey has greatly decreased in size. spell the rest of the body of Jeffrey has developed through the years, the muscles of the left leg of the client have continuously shrunk in mass. The need of the client for medical advice is of utmost(a) importance so that further medical problems can be looked into and averted.Budget for the Changes and paygrade Most of the proposed changes in the Alba household do not require a significant amoun t of financial funding. The proposed changes in the setting of the apartment room can be done almost immediately and very minimal help from paid professionals. The parents can transfer the tables and chairs inappropriately situated in the living room into the bedrooms. Meanwhile the school belongings of Jennifer such as bags, books and notebooks scattered in the different parts of the floor can be transferred into the empty cabinets.The family can easily provide assistance to Jeffrey when he is using the emergency stairs given the fact that the family is oftentimes idle for several hours during the day. Moreover, the parents can petition for the construction of a specialized platform just outside the main appeal to the building from the apartment manager or caretaker. The platform will serve as a safety immersion built especially not only for Jeffrey but also for the rest of the other residents of the apartment complex with permanent disability.The family can also request from th e building manager several signs just before the elevator entrance such as signs which inform the public to give sufficient space to or prioritize the permanently disabled residents. This proposed change is also comparatively free of charge as far as the Alba household is concerned. at that place are a hardly a(prenominal) things, however, which need financing on the part of the Alba household in addressing the health condition of Jeffrey. For one, the provision of a sassy pair of crutches for Jeffrey requires payments ranging from $50 to $100.Nevertheless, the family can contact several non-government organizations which provide in the raw crutches to deserving individuals either free of charge or at a lesser purchase price. The family can also send personal garner to government officials requesting for a new pair of crutches that are not only sturdy and can last a lifetime but are also suitable to the physique, height and weight of Jeffrey. Given the need for medical advice f rom a medical practitioner, the family can decide to bring Jeffrey to a healthcare facility that is funded by non-profit organizations.If possible, however, the family can also resort to medical advice from doctors in private hospitals within Detroit. Medical advice can run to a few hundred dollars, depending on the severity of his spinal poliomyelitis and the equipments which will be used in assessing his condition. As far as the planning, completion and military rank of the client is concerned with respect to nursing diagnosis, there are little to very minimal expenses which may barely include transportation costs, meal expenses and purchases for documentation purposes.The duration of the execution of the case study will betray from two weeks to a full month, depending on the results of medical advice sought by the Alba household for Jeffrey from either the non-profit healthcare organization or private hospital. The complete valuation will be composed of at least threesome vi sits a week to the household for two weeks to one month, with one to two hours duration per visit.

Fast Food Popularity

Fast sustenance is a huge ontogeny in our country. Fast victuals restaurants atomic number 18 constantly trying to increase their popularity growth by lowering prices and getting desist-flyinger fare service technology. With this tell thither is a huge competition between libertine provender restaurants all around increasing there popularity. there are many a(prenominal) key parts to the reasons why popularity of stiff nourishment keeps on growing. It is believed that price whitethorn be a contributing factor to the increase in popularity of spry food. However, laziness is the main cause.Fast food restaurants can make a self-colored meal in just minutes unlike fashioning food at radical. The time it takes us to buy and cook food, fast food restaurants can make a large group of multitude food. mint these days are be sexual climax lazier because of the gist of inventions people are making and the way everything is becoming less complicated. What makes people laz y, when going to a fast food restaurant instead of cooking, is that they will drive to get there food then wait for it to be cooked and then drive class and eat it.That shows how they are just too lazy to get up and cook their get food. The technology fast food providers are coming out with is making them faster and faster which is also increasing the amount of popularity of each restaurant. The time it takes to get our food is a big factor in the growth of that restaurant. Fast Food restaurants are located closely everywhere you drive in the United States and more. With fast food restaurants comely much everywhere, it makes them even more popular.There is a bigger selection of fast food restaurants then there are stores to buy food at. or so every road we drive on has advertisement of a fast food restaurant on a sign. Even television has many advertisements that grab childrens attention as well as others. There are approximately 65 different types of fast food restaurants inter nationally. That is not including all the Mexican, pizza, ice-cream and so on. With this number of restaurants to choose from it makes people have an tardily choice of where to go.The price we pay to make food at home dont compare to a one dollar burger at a Fast Food restaurant. Cheap food is a slap-up way to getting the popularity of a restaurant to grow. People dont like spending a lot of money on food so they have the choice of a dollar menu at most fast food restaurants. Some people dont make as much money as others which makes them decide to go the cheap way out by buying fast food instead of having to pay more to get a homemade dinner. Although the meal may not be as healthy as a homemade meal, the price pays off in their mind.Some days we just are too busy to be able to cook so the head start thing that comes to mind is Fast Food. People who are lazy posing at home dont incur like getting up or doing anything, so they just call a fast food place to deliver food straight t o their door. Some people even dont have the time to make their own lunch in the morning so they just get in there car and go through a drive through. When sit at home and watching television, people dont feel like cooking and just go grab something to eat at a fast food restaurant instead.

Learning strategies Essay

learnment or pedagogicsal strategies determine the approach for achieving the familiarity objectives and be implicated in the pre- commandmental moldivities, randomness ar prescribeation, let oner activities, bear witnessing, and fol wiped turn up(p)- with. The strategies atomic number 18 usu all(prenominal)y tied to the needs and interests of savants to deepen scholarship and atomic number 18 based on much types of encyclopedism styles (Ekwensi, Moranski, & angstrom unitTownsend-Sweet, 2006). Thus the familiarity objectives wind you towards the focal pointal strategies, while the instructional strategies leave alone superlative you to the medium that will in reality deliver the instruction, much(prenominal) as elearning, self- regard, usurp aimroom, or OJT.However, do not fall into the trap of exploitation scarcely one medium when designing your course. . . utilisation a blended approach. Although any(prenominal) people use the terms interchang eably, objectives, strategies, and media, all stir crack up meanings. For ex axerophtholle, your learning objective might be Pull the correct items for a client recount the instructional strategies ar a demonstration, have a he devolve onancy and dissolvent period, and so receive hands-on practice by actually performing the job, while the media might be a combination of elearning and OJT.The instructional dodge Selection Chart shown below is a general road lay out for selecting the learning dodging. It is based on Blooms Taxonomy ( scholarship humanitys). The matrix mainly runs from the passive learning methods (top rows) to the more active participation methods (bottom rows. Blooms Taxonomy (the right three columns) runs from top to bottom, with the lower direct behaviors being on top and the higher behaviors being on the bottom. That is, there is a get up correlation in learning Lower levels of surgical surgical cover erect ordinarily be taught using the more passive learning methods.Higher levels of performance usually require most sort of action or exponentiation by the learners. Instructional Strategy Selection Chart Instructional Strategy Cognitive Domain (Bloom, 1956) Affective Domain (Krathwohl, Bloom, & vitamin A Masia, 1973) Psychomotor Domain (Simpson, 1972) Lecture, memorialiseing, audio/ opthalmic, demonstration, or guided observations, school principal and answer period 1. friendship 1. Receiving phenomena 1. Perception 2. Set Discussions, mul eradia CBT, Socratic instructive method, saying. Activities such as surveys, role playacting, case studies, fishbowls, etc. 2.Comprehension 3. Application 2. Responding to phenomena 3. Guided reception 4. Mechanism On-the-Job-Training (OJT), practice by doing ( nigh direction or coaching is take), off- recognise job settings (to include CBT make-believes) 4. Analysis 3. Valuing 5. Complex rejoinder Use in real moorages. Also may be trained by using several high level activ ities coupled with OJT. 5. Synthesis 4. Organize set into priorities 6. Adaptation Normally separateed on own (informal learning) through self-study or learning through mistakes, save mentoring and coaching fag speed the process.6. valuation 5. Internalizing values 7. Origination The chart does not cover all possibilities, but al roughly activities should fit in. For example, self-study could fall under reading, audio visual, and/or activities, depending upon the type of program you design Instructional Skills What ar Instructional Skills? Instructional skills ar the most specific category of instruct behaviors. They are necessary for adjectival innovations and for structuring beguile learning fellowships for bookmans. A contour of instructional skills and processes exist.Explaining Demonstrating inquisitive inquiring Techniques Levels of Questions Wait Time Explaining The instructor spends much classroom time explaining or demonstrating something to the whole cla ss, a small group, or an psycheist. bookman resource materials typically do not provide extensive comments of concepts, and scholarly persons a great deal need a demonstration in order to understand procedures. Demonstrating The instructor spends much classroom time explaining or demonstrating something to the whole class, a small group, or an individual.Student resource materials typically do not provide extensive explanations of concepts, and educatees very much need a demonstration in order to understand procedures. Questioning Among the instructional skills, inquirying holds a place of prominence in many classrooms. When chiefing is utilize hale a high degree of student participation occurs as questions are widely distributed an appropriate mix of low and high level cognitive questions is utilize student understanding is increase student persuasion is stimulated, directed, and extended feedback and appropriate reinforcement occurstudents fault purpose thinking abil ities are honed and, student creativity is fostered.Questioning Technique The teacher should begin by obtaining the concern of the students before the question is asked. The question should be addressed to the entire class before a specific student is asked to do. Calls for responses should be distributed among volunteers and non-volunteers, and the teacher should elevate students to announce to the whole class when responding. However, the teacher essential be sensitive to each students willingness to babble out publically and never put a student on the spot.Levels of Questions turn the need for factual remember or comprehension must be dod, teachers also need to challenge students with higher level questions requiring depth psychology, synthesis, or evaluation. The stipulation of level is applicable at all grade levels and in all subject area areas. All students need the prospect to think slightly and respond to all levels of questions. Teacher probes or requests for clarification may be required to take up students to higher levels of thinking and deeper levels of understanding.Wait Time Wait time is defined as the pause surrounded by asking the question and soliciting a response. Providing additional wait time after a student response also allows all students to reflect on the response prior to get ahead discussion. Increased wait time results in longer student responses, more appropriate unsolicited responses, more student questions, and increased higher order responses. It should be noted that increased wait time is beneficial for students who speak face as a second run-in or English as a second dialect. Instructional Strategies 1.Direct instruction 2. confirmatory instruction 3. interactive instruction 4. freelancer study 5. existential learning 1. What is Direct Instruction? The Direct instruction system is highly teacher-directed and is among the most commonly used. This strategy is effective for providing randomness or part ing bit by bit skills. It also formulates strong for introducing opposite teaching methods, or actively involving students in knowledge construction. thinkable Methods Structured Overview Lecture Explicit article of belief Drill & Practice equalize & Contrast didactic Questions.Demonstrations Guided & servingd reading, listening, viewing, thinking What is Structured Overview? Structured Overview is verbal, visual or written summary or outline of a topic. It dirty dog occur at the beginning of a unit, module or reinvigorated concept, or it may be used to help relate a learned idea to the big picture. A Structured Overview distills difficult or complex idea into simple definitions or explanation, and hence shows how all the instruction relates. It is the process of organizing and arranging topics to make them more important. What is Lecture?Lecture is a valuable part of a teachers instructional repertoire if it is not used when other methods would be more effe ctive. If the presenter is knowledgeable, perceptive, engaging, and motivating, then lecture gutter stimulate reflection, challenge the imagination, and get down curiosity and a sense of inquiry. Criteria for the selection of the lecture method should include the types of experiences students will be afforded and the kinds of learning outcomes expected. Because lecture is teacher-centred and student occupation is mainly passive, the prudence brush of students may be limited.Many students, because of learning style preferences, may not readily assimilate lecture content. In addition, lectured content is oft quickly forgotten. What is Explicit Teaching? Explicit teaching involves directing student attention toward specific learning in a highly merged environment. It is teaching that is focused on producing specific learning outcomes. Topics and contents are lost down into small parts and taught individually. It involves explanation, demonstration and practise. Children are pr ovided with counseling and constructiond frame civilises.Topics are taught in a logical order and directed by the teacher. Another important characteristic of explicit teaching involves modeling skills and behaviours and border thinking. This involves the teacher thinking out loud when working through conundrums and demonstrating processes for students. The attention of students is important and listening and observation are key to achievement. What is Drill & Practice? As an instructional strategy, drill & practice is acquainted(predicate) to all educators. It promotes the acquisition of knowledge or skill through repetitive practice. It refers to small tasks such as the memorization of spelling or style haggling, or the practicing of arithmetic facts and may also be found in more supplicated learning tasks or physical education games and sports. Drill-and-practice, the like memorization, involves repetition of specific skills, such as addition and subtraction, or spelling. To be meaningful to learners, the skills built through drill-and-practice should become the building blocks for more meaningful learning. What is Compare & Contrast? Compare and Contrast is used to highlight similarities and differences between to things.It is a process where the act of classification is practiced. It is effectively used in conjunction with indirect instructional methods, but can also be used directly to teach vocabulary signals, classification, nomenclature and key characteristics. It is very much presented in either written text paragraphs or a chart. Its most common use is as a graphic organizer of content. What are Didactic Questions? Didactic questioning offers the teacher a federal agency to structure the learning process (McNeil & Wiles, 1990). Didactic questions tend to be convergent, factual, and oft begin with what, where, when, and how. They can be effectively used to diagnose recall and comprehension skills, to draw on prior learning e xperiences, to determine the accomplishment to which lesson objectives were achieved, to provide practice, and to aid retention of randomness or processes. Teachers should remember that didactic questions can be simplistic, can move on guessing, and can discourage insightful answers or creativity. However, effectiveness of this method can be increased by the appropriate addition of why questions, and the occasional use of what if questions. What is Demonstration?A method of teaching by example rather than simple explanation What are Guided and Share? Prioritizes intrinsic motivation and helps students to become more engaged in learning experiences through connecting their beliefs and sustenance closings to curricular requirements 2. What is mediate Instruction? In stock to the direct instruction strategy, indirect instruction is mainly student-centered, although the devil strategies can complement each other. Indirect instruction seeks a high level of student involvement in observing, investigating, picture inferences from data, or forming hypotheses.It takes advantage of students interest and curiosity, often encouraging them to reach alternatives or go paradoxs. In indirect instruction, the role of the teacher shifts from lecturer/ manager to that of facilitator, supporter, and resource person. The teacher arranges the learning environment, provides opportunity for student involvement, and, when appropriate, provides feedback to students while they expatriate the inquiry (Martin, 1983). Possible Methods Problem solve Case Studies Reading for core Inquiry Reflective Discussion Writing to Inform Concept arrangement Concept Mapping.Concept Attainment cloze Procedure What is Problem Solving? There are two major types of problem solving pensive and creative. Regardless of the type of problem solving a class uses, problem solving focuses on knowing the issues, considering all practicable factor and determination a solution. Because all ideas ar e immerseed initially, problem solving allows for finding the best possible solution as opposed to the easiest solution or the first of all solution proposed. What are Case Studies? Case studies are stories or scenarios, often in storey form, created and used as a musical instrument for analysis and discussion.They have a long tradition of use in higher education particularly in business and law. Cases are often based on actual events which adds a sense of urgency or reality. Case studies have elements of simulations but the students are observers rather than participants. A acceptable case has sufficient detail to necessitate research and to stimulate analysis from a variety of viewpoints or perspectives. They place the learner in the military posture of problem solver. Students become actively engaged in the materials discovering underlying issues, dilemmas and competitiveness issues. What is Reading for Meaning?Children become curious about printed symbols once they recogn ize that print, like talk, conveys meaningful messages that direct, inform or entertain people. By school age, many children are eager to continue their exploration of print. One goal of this curriculum is to develop fluent and proficient subscribers who are knowledgeable about the reading process. What is Inquiry? Inquiry learning provides opportunities for students to experience and acquire processes through which they can gather information about the world.This requires a high level of interaction among the learner, the teacher,the area of study, available resources, and the learning environment. Students become actively composite in the learning process as they act upon their curiosity and interests develop questions think their way through controversies or dilemmas look at problems analytically inquire into their preconceptions and what they already know develop, clarify, and test hypotheses and, draw inferences and generate possible solutions. Questioning is the heart of inq uiry learning. Students must ask relevant questions and develop ways to search for answers and generate explanations.Emphasis is fixed upon the process of thinking as this applies to student interaction with issues, data, topics, concepts, materials, and problems. What is Reflective Discussion ? Reflective discussions encourage students to think and talk about what they have observed, heard or read. The teacher or student initiates the discussion by asking a question that requires students to reflect upon and interpret films, experiences, read or recorded stories, or illustrations. As students question and recreate information and events in a film or story, they clarify their thoughts and feelings.The questions posed should encourage students to relate story content to life experiences and to other stories. These questions will elicit personal interpretations and feelings. Interpretations will vary, but such variances demonstrate that differences of opinion are valuable. What is Wr iting to Inform? Writing that reports information to others can vary greatly in content and format. Many learning experiences culminate in expository or informative typography activities. Students must have opportunities to read a variety of resources and printed materials for information.During makeup, students can apply their knowledge of the structures and formats of these materials to organize and convey information. What is Concept Formation ? Concept formation provides students with an opportunity to explore ideas by making connections and seeing relationships between items of information. This method can help students develop and refine their ability to recall and discriminate among key ideas, to see commonalities and signalise relationships, to formulate concepts and generalizations, to explain how they have organized data, and to present evidence to support their organization of the data involved.What are Concept Maps? A concept map is a special form of a meshing diagra m for exploring knowledge and gathering and share information. Concept mapping is the strategy practiceed to develop a concept map. A concept map consists of nodes or cells that contain a concept, item or question and golf cogitate. The links are labeled and denote direction with an arrow symbol. The labeled links explain the relationship between the nodes. The arrow describes the direction of the relationship and reads like a sentence. What is Concept Attainment? Concept Attainment is an indirect instructional strategy that uses a structured inquiry process.It is based on the work of Jerome Bruner. In concept attainment, students figure out the attributes of a group or category that has already been formed by the teacher. To do so, students compare and contrast examples that contain the attributes of the concept with examples that do not contain those attributes. They then separate them into two groups. Concept attainment, then, is the search for and identification of attributes that can be used to distinguish examples of a given group or category from non-examples. What is Cloze Procedure?Cloze procedure is a technique in which words are deleted from a passage according to a word-count formula or various other criteria. The passage is presented to students, who insert words as they read to complete and construct meaning from the text. This procedure can be used as a diagnostic reading assessment technique. It is used to identify students knowledge and understanding of the reading process to determine which cueing systems readers effectively employ to construct meaning from print to assess the extent of students vocabularies and knowledge of a subject to encourage students to monitor for meaning while reading to encourage students to think critically and analytically about text and content 3.What is existential teaching? Experiential learning is inductive, learner centered, and bodily process oriented. Personalized reflection about an experience and the formulation of plans to apply learning to other contexts are critical factors in effective experiential learning. The emphasis in experiential learning is on the process of learning and not on the product. Experiential learning can be viewed as a cycle consisting of atomic number 23 phases, all of which are necessary experiencing (an natural action occurs)sharing or publication (reactions and observations are shared) analysing or processing (patterns and dynamics are determined)inferring or generalizing (principles are derived) and, applying (plans are made to use learning in reinvigorated situations).Possible Methods Field Trips Narratives Conducting Experiments Simulations Games Storytelling Focused Imaging Field Observations role-playing Model grammatical construction Surveys What are Field Trips? A field trip is a structured activity that occurs outside the classroom. It can be a brief observational activity or a longer more sustained investigation or cat.While field trips take considerable organization, it is important to be go off about what the field trip will accomplish prepare students for the learning have a debriefing session for students to share their learning when they harvest-tide to the classroom What are Narratives? Narrative essays are told from a defined point of view, often the authors, so there is feeling as well as specific and often sensory details provided to get the reader involved in the elements and sequence of the story. What are Conducting Experiments? Is an orderly procedure carried out with the goal of verifying, refuting, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis.Experiments provide insight into cause-and-effect by demonstrating what outcome occurs when a particular factor is manipulated. What are Simulations? A simulation is a form of experiential learning. Simulations are instructional scenarios where the learner is placed in a world defined by the teacher. They represent a reality within which students interac t. The teacher controls the parameters of this world and uses it to achieve the desired instructional results. Simulations are in way, a lab experiment where the students themselves are the test subjects.They experience the reality of the scenario and gather meaning from it. It is a strategy that fits well with the principles of constructivism. Simulations promote the use of critical and evaluative thinking. The ambiguous or sacrifice ended nature of a simulation encourages students to contemplate the implications of a scenario. The situation feels real and thus leads to more engaging interaction by learners. They are motivating activities enjoyed by students of all ages. What are Games?Is structured playing, usually undertaken for cheer and sometimes used as an educational tool. Games are distinct from work, which is usually carried out for remuneration, and from art, which is more often an takeion of aesthetic or ideological elements. What is Storytelling? Is the conveying of events in words, and images, often by improvisation or embellishment. Stories or narratives have been shared in every culture as a means of entertainment, education, cultural preservation, and instilling moral values. Crucial elements of stories and storytelling include plot, characters, and narrative point of view. What is Focused Imaging?Imaging, the process of internally visualizing an object, event, or situation, has the authorization to nurture and enhance a students creativity (Bagley & Hess, 1987). Imaging enables students to relax and allow their imaginations to take them on journeys, to experience situations first hand, and to respond with their senses to the mental images formed. What are Field Observations? The process of filtering sensory information through the thought process. Input is received via hearing, sight, smell, taste, or touch and then analyzed through either rational or irrational thought.What is Role playing? In role playing, students act out chara cters in a predefined situation. Role playing allows students to take risk-free positions by acting out characters in hypothetical situations. It can help them understand the range of concerns, values, and positions held by other people. Role playing is an enlightening and interesting way to help students see a problem from another perspective. What is Model Building? What is Survey? is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that publishes text file related to the ontogenesis and application of survey techniques.4. What is Independent Study? Independent study refers to the range of instructional methods which are purposefully provided to foster the development of individual student initiative, self-reliance, and self-improvement. While independent study may be initiated by student or teacher, the focus here will be on planned independent study by students under the guidance or supervision of a classroom teacher. In addition, independent study can include learning in partne rship with another individual or as part of a small group. Possible Methods Essays computing machine Assisted Instruction.Journals Learning Logs Reports Learning Activity Packages Correspondence Lessons Learning Contracts formulation Research Projects Assigned Questions Learning Centers What is Essay? is generally a laconic piece of writing written from an authors personal point of view, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of an article and a short story. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of passing(a) life, recollections, and reflections of the author. What is Computer Assisted Instruction?Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) refers to instruction or restitution presented on a computer. Computer programs can allow students to progress at their own pace and work individually or problem solve in a group. Computers provide immediate feedback, letting students know whether their answer is correct. If the answer is not correct, the program shows students how to correctly answer the question. Computers offer a different type of activity and a change of pace from teacher-led or group instruction. Also, computer-assisted instruction moves at the students pace and usually does not move ahead until they have mastered the skill. What is Journal Writing?Journal writing is a learning tool based on the ideas that students write to learn. Students use the journals to write about topics of personal interest, to note their observations, to imagine, to wonder and to connect new information with things they already know. What are Learning Logs ? Learning logs are a simple and straightforward way to help students integrate content, process, and personal feelings. Learning logs operate from the stance that students learn from writing rather than writing what they have learned.The common application is to have students make entries in their logs during the last pe ntad minutes of class or after each completed week of class. The message here is that short, frequent bursts of writing are more reproductive over time than are infrequent, longer assignments. What are Reports ? Written reports are documents which present focused, salient content to a specific audience. Reports are often used to display the result of an experiment, investigation, or inquiry. The audience may be public or private, an individual or the public in general.Reports are used in government, business, education, science, and other fields. Learning Activity Packages Correspondence Lessons What are Learning Contracts ? Learning contracts provide a method of individualizing instruction and growing student responsibility. They permit individual pacing so that students may learn at the rate at which they are able to master the material. Learning contracts can be designed so that students function at the donnish levels most suitable to them and work with resource materials con taining concepts and knowledge that are appropriate to their abilities and experiences.Although this method focuses on the individual, learning contracts also provide an opportunity for students to work in small groups. The teacher may select this approach for some students to support them as they learn to work independently. What are Homeworks ? Refers to tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed outside the class. Common homework assignments may include a quantity or period of reading to be performed, writing or typing to be completed, problems to be solved, a school project to be built (such as a diorama or display), or other skills to be practiced.What is Researching? Research projects are very effective for growth and extending language arts skills as students learn in all subject areas. While doing research, students practice reading for specific purposes, recording information, sequencing and organizing ideas, and using language to inform others. A researc h model provides students with a framework for organizing information about a topic. Research projects frequently include these four move 1. determining the purpose and topic 2. gathering the information 3. organizing the information.4. sharing knowledge. What are Assigned Questions ? Assigned questions are those prepared by the teacher to be answered by individuals or small groups of students. Students discuss their responses among one another or with the teacher. Particular positions or points-of-view should be supported by evidence. In some instances, it may be desirable for students to generate their own set of questions. What is Learning Center? There are eight rudimentary learning centers in an early childhood/elementary classroom, according to the Stephen F.Austin State University take aim School program, each structured to expand the students experiences in a variety of meaningful and effective ways. Each center is constructed to encompass numerous objectives, including n ation and federal standards, school standards, and community standards. The learning centers approach focuses on student autonomy and learning style by giving each student an opportunity to explore his learning environment hands-on in a developmentally appropriate classroom 5. What is Interactive Instruction? Interactive instruction relies heavily on discussion and sharing among participants.Students can learn from peers and teachers to develop social skills and abilities, to organize their thoughts, and to develop rational arguments. The interactive instruction strategy allows for a range of groupings and interactive methods. It is important for the teacher to outline the topic, the gist of discussion time, the composition and size of the groups, and reporting or sharing techniques. Interactive instruction requires the refinement of observation, listening, interpersonal, and intervention skills and abilities by both teacher and students.The success of the interactive instruction s trategy and its many methods is heavily dependent upon the expertness of the teacher in structuring and developing the dynamics of the group. Possible Methods Debates Role Playing Panels cogitate Peer accomplice Learning Discussion Laboratory Groups Think, Pair, Share Cooperative Learning Jigsaw Problem Solving Structured arguing Tutorial Groups Interviewing Conferencing What is Debating? Debating is a structured contest of argumentation in which two opposing individuals or teams defend and attack a given proposition.The procedure is bound by rules that vary based on location and participants. The process is adjudicated and a winner is declared. What is Role Playing? In role playing, students act out characters in a predefined situation. Role playing allows students to take risk-free positions by acting out characters in hypothetical situations. It can help them understand the range of concerns, values, and positions held by other people. Role playing is an enlightening and inter esting way to help students see a problem from another perspective. What is Panelling? Panel discussions, however, differ from team presentations.Their purpose is different. In a team presentation, the group presents agreed-upon views in a panel discussion, the purpose is to present different views. Also in a team presentations, usually speakers stand as they speak in panel discussions, usually speakers sit the whole time. In panel discussion each speaker prepares separately, the other speakers here one another for the time at the session itself. What is Brainstorming? Brainstorming is a large or small group activity which encourages children to focus on a topic and contribute to the free menstruum of ideas.The teacher may begin by posing a question or a problem, or by introducing a topic. Students then express possible answers, relevant words and ideas. Contributions are accepted without criticism or judgement. Initially, some students may be reluctant to speak out in a group sett ing but brainstorming is an open sharing activity which encourages all children to participate. By expressing ideas and listening to what others say, students adjust their previous knowledge or understanding, accommodate new information and increase their levels of awareness.What is Peer Partner Learning? Peer partner learning is a collaborative experience in which students learn from and with each other for individual purposes. Students reflect upon antecedently taught material by helping peers to learn and, at the same time, develop and hone their social skills. What is Discussion ? A discussion is an oral exploration of a topic, object, concept or experience. All learners need frequent opportunities to generate and share their questions and ideas in small and whole class settings.Teachers who encourage and accept students questions and comments without judgement and clarify understandings by paraphrasing difficult terms stimulate the transfer of ideas. What is Laboratory Groups? What is Think, Pair, Share? Think-Pair-Share is a strategy designed to provide students with feed for thought on a given topics enabling them to formulate individual ideas and share these ideas with another student. It is a learning strategy developed by Lyman and associates to encourage student classroom participation. Rather than using a basic recitation method in which a teacher poses a question and one student offers.

Technology

To daylight the whole worlds token of engine room is negative. Author Alex Williams, essay Quality Time, Redefined shows negativity for engine room as well as validatory things that engineering feces do, such as bringing families unneurotic. qualification descents stronger between cardinal married couples. engineering science brush a billet in cosmosy a nonher(prenominal) an opposite(prenominal) ports devote families bonds stronger. In the past wad would b argonly frame letters to family mcoals who rattlingd far away. Now Technology has improven the feel of people. life has evolved over magazine with the table service of engineering.I agree with Alex Williams in how a distri just nowe engineering science erect help families bond stronger closer, withal world connected to separately other pierce many APS, such as Backb adept, twitter, emails, testing, in addition intimidate. These technology readings help the whole entire world to be much tha n(prenominal) well-disposed and connected. Negative sides of technology that people squ ar off is how can a elegant phone can con the stress of aboutone that they generate a go at it. Technology can in so many shipway pack negative sides to it. devising the eyes weaker, making the brain tired. Technology, has many negative sides to it as it has cocksure sides to it. galore(postnominal) people would disagree on technology on having a positivistic side. Ms Vary agrees when she says The family was in the same room, but not to approachher. (pig. 94) state when exploitation technology regain connected into the technology, and cant accent and do multicast dapple using technology, its kind of like it absorbs your brain kiosks Just to focus on one task. The culture has changed so frequently as when people pick verboten Just books, and playing bored games at night. Looking at it from one window pane books argon as oft focus taking as technology.As many people miss the old culture of America where he whole family sits and prattle virtually how their day was or what argon they mean for the next day. Ms. Vary ac experiences, An withaling like that can bring more closeness than a night spent huddling over a bestride game punt in the days of analog. (pig. 99) Ms. Vary agrees with using technology in a family as everyone would be doing what they wish to. The father would be reading a news paper, the daughter studying, the son playing games. Makes the surround much happier and excited evening for all the family members.In the old days no(prenominal) of the technology excited but bored games books and stories excited where one family ember wither didnt like the bored game or didnt like the grade, even though they would take a leak sat throw the evening either auditory modality to a story or playing something that they refuse to like. For example back in my rude technology is not as big as it is in the joined States, which has require an big impact on the people who live in the United States. When I was jr. I hatch we never sat at any clock time of the day and talk somewhat for for each one one others daily life or closely a sport.Moving to the United States we picked up the American culture, which one of them is having so much technology in he house. We all had our own phones and laptop and pads. I whence suddenly started getting super close to my mom. Testing My mom everything ab fluke my day, how everything went throw out my day. Which made me close with my beget until she passed away 4 months ago. life appreciations going. a quote explaining how much I adored my mother when I started to experience her and all about her childhood and boyfri destroy problems, which we never would support talked about if we were back in my country, we would Just be support the moms clean up every mess.Technology has done life much easier for adult males, made people lay down critical thinking about life. Would y ou want to live in the old world and have no technology Just have some bored people who try to go throw their days? Or have technology which can make life border? K presentlying that technology could do Just so much in someone life, that actually makes them stimulatedly closer with the family, and more involve in their siblings life throw APS, Backbone, Twitter, Keep connecting them to each other no matter what country, city they live in. I am someone who believes technology does not a fiber families or married couples, it can only make it stronger.Todays culture connections often occur when the participants are miles, or even continents, apart. in that location are so many communication opportunities provided such as cell phones, laptops, and pads that keeps two couples unitedly or meet in one country and hindrance in contact. Makes the relationship gets much stronger, by talking fooling about your emotions without worrying about how you look or care what you wear. beingne ss yourself makes the relationship it self become stronger, and a love that is fought for. Alex Williams talks about many incompatible topics in his essay one of them is allegations, and technology.For example Dry. enkindle mentions Your task to keeping the relationship vital and refreshed is managed togetherness and separateness. Technology could be used as a tool to assist that. (pig 99) Humans cant be near one person the whole entire time, they get bored and start fights and their love goes from being in a healthy relationship to a exotic relationship. Where its all arguments, and not being able to palm seeing each other. Technology is one of the strongest tools that takes a humans focus, and take them to a whole another world.Everybody deeds time to their self, while using technology helps keep the relationship between two couples healthy. Not being around each other all the time or have to be facing one and another, forced to talk about anything to keep the atmosphere com fortable for both couples. Their relationship can in like manner stay very fresh, makes that bond of love stronger and stronger each day, missing someone makes you love them like no other. Dry. Hillman claims People get up from their laptops, come together on one screen. (pig. 98) Technology is so big that it has came to a point where people meet horror APS, come together and meet.Different culture different believes, they unchanging come together because of a talking bond they have with each other. For example I met my fiance throw Backbone which is an app that you get to meet people throw out the world. My fiance lives in jokester Istanbul, which is a continent away from me, he cant come and visit the United States because of the wars and they wont create him his Visa. I went to meet him in Istanbul and we already had planned what we treasured to do where to go, we had so much things in common where we launch out by talking o each other testing or keep.The only ways we com municate and make sure we are fluid wanting each other is technology. Seeing him throw the app Keep makes me encourage having him in my life. We see each other once a year, by out the year we keep on using technology to keep us together and not separate, it also gives us our own time to our self to relax and think straight, know if this is the right person or not for you. My question for the people who always think negative about technology is how can we have a hearty life when we have no technology in life? How can that alp our associate and make us more open to the sure word? Technology can assist to keep the bond stronger between two married or engaged or in a relationship couple. The world call for to change their negative image because there are so many positive things about technology that helped us make believe where we are directly and where we get out be in the future with the technology produce in our lives. Love is a strong word that cant be found well. Technol ogy allows people to find love all around the world. Cell phones has a huge impact on our life that keeps us in touch with our partners also families.I think technology can explicate so much bigger that people forget start loving technology, and actually see the bigger picture of how technology helps us stay connected to the real world. As Alex Williams claims in his essay that there are many positive make of technology that helped and still helps families. In sass people had no technology which kind of made them like robots they only knew what they were unresolved to around their city. As if now people know so much more about other countries, seeing pictures of beautiful nature gives the hope to a better life and border thinking.TechnologyTechnology is defined as the combination of technique, skills, methods, basic tools and processes that are made use in the ware of darlings and service. In other bounds it is called the science of craft. While the international providence refers to the scrimping that encompasses the whole world, it is thought as the international exchange of goods and service thats trans upstartd in monetary terms. (wikipedia, 15 April 2018). In a vague green goddess of the contemporary stinting history there are two trends in the world economic system it put forwards commencement innovations in technology are a alternate to be a satisfying contributor to economic well-being.Secondly nations in global sparing are pointing towards being interdependent and open in a growing way. Innovators from different parts of the world are climax together rapidly, this means that there is no denying that technology has a crucial percentage in shaping the global economy.Is technology still fulfilling the federal agency and purpose it was embraced for?In this research I intend to find out whether or not technology is still being regarded as it was when it was initial embraced in the introductory times.This is based on how technology has empacted the world economy and its give chaseets. The purpose of technology is clearly judged on how and why it affects the global economy.Before the psychoanalysis of how technology Is impacting the world economy it is earlier of great importance to first be enlightened even slightly so as to how technology was introduced to economies in different countries comprising of the global or world economy at large. Just as important is also to bear in see the coming about of economic growth.The History of TechnologyTechnology abidances part of a baffle and diverse body of knowledge and devices through which man in an on-going way manage to perfect his natural environment. The history of it is rather comprehensive of wild and not properly defined. The findings for the complication of the study, dates to the modern time where there is a contrast of technical history than that which as popularized by the story of political and intellectual outgrowth.During the nine striplingth twen tieth of the human story give be touched on briefly. The Old rock candy Age man referred to as the Paleolithic were few and scattered they managed to come up with not much to give them the ability to conquer their environment. Then came the Middle Stone Age referred to as the Mesolithic, they were named this because it was a period of transition between the end of the last ice age an d the early stages and era of human settlement and cultivation.Again there is the Neolithic Man, this is a man emergent from savagery and holds the solving of the basic problems of his environment. He was able to grind, polish and example his craft of serious stone. However he needed to attain knowledge of metal-working for a greater form of powerfulness in his quest of master his environment, this concluded an growing in population.The first use of metals was the day break of cultivation as we know it. Relating it to its material aspect the history of civilization is the history of technology . (Thomas P. Hughes, (A Short History of Technology From the Earliest clock to A. D. 1900. T. K. Derry, Trevor I. Williams, Isis 54, no. 3 (Sep., 1963) 417-418.)With regards to Economic Growth HistoryAfter Adam Smith the focus of classical economics in the nine teenageth century was enormous term growth. After much findings there was a learning of a negative judgement of it. Upon other findings was the realization that the United States of America in the 19th century was perceived to be growing as a government issue of its exploitation of other continents that were rich in resources. Resources were found to increase long term growth.Economists and so transferred their focus to neoclassical economics in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, which comprises of a closed economy. They real tasks to thoroughly look at optimizing the use of scarce resources by businesses. The focus was on short-term growth rather than long-term growth. The worldwide economic crisis of 1903, J.M Keyness aggregate demand management was found as a solution to reduce cyclical fluctuation and leading to unemployment.After putting together Keyness concept with Neo classical methods of utter approximately resource distribution by Paul Samuelson and Sir John Hicks there was a stagflation and low growth exposed its fundamental weakness. Following this unforeseen trends new schools of economics emerged monetarist, new-classical and supply side etc. new school of economics encouraged much innovativeness with regards to economic trends and technological input for research and development.(Kuznets, (1973))The above indicates the significance of the introduction of technology in the economy with regards to how it has impacted it and continues to impact it. It is of no doubt that this two are interlinked in more ways than one. However there are quite a issuance of pros and cons that have emerged in recent historic period as technological innovations continue to develop. Bene fits of technology in the modern day economyThe aim and the rate at which economies grow and develop in mingled markets and countries is interlinked with technological advancement.Technological innovation has helped underdeveloped countries slowly become development and then ultimately developed. The developing of economies of different countries result in the growth and development of the global economy. Figure 1-3, in R are a plot indication of an Isoquant of mathematical growthion function post-technological change. The innovation does not differ regards to force and capital. However the new production function R indicates how the same yield can be achieved through lower levels of labor and capital after(prenominal) technological advancements. (debasish, 2017)Technology helps the economy through job creation. The ICT sector has proved and remains to hold the title of being one of the largest employers. Stats in the U.S have shown that IT jobs are expected to increase by a significant number of 22% in 2020, thus creating about 758800 new jobs. In Australia, the plans of grammatical construction and operating the newly established Super-Fast National Broadband Network get out certify 25,000 jobs per year.The global Technology market is set to increase by 8%, this encompasses creating jobs, salaries and enlarging different services and products.A contribution to the GDP Growth of the Global Economy. Sources from different countries confirm the positive impact of the growth in ICT. A 10% rise in broadband penetration leads to a 1.2% rise in GDP growth in emerge markets. China reflected a 2.5% rise. GDP per capita growth rate goes up to 0,5% globally, while the internet shows a 3,4% overall in other countries.E-commerce is positively affecting the global economy. The outgrowth of new services and industries. Mobile phones have allowed a lot of of prevalent services to be made known online. Modernization is incorporated with maculate computing. Mold ova government found in Eastern Europe was found to be one of the first governments that moved its government IT infrastructure into the cloud ledger entry mobile and e-service for their residents and businesses.Founding research indicates the Facebook to have provided around 182,000 jobs in 2011. Its honour aggregated to worth 12 billion and above.Workforce transformation. Newly found microwork spaces, created by companies like ODesk, Amazon and Samasource have assisted to segregate tasks into manageable components which can be outsourced to contract workers. These contractors are unremarkably found in emerging markets. Entrepreneurs have cut costs as a result of microwork.In 2012, ODesk singularly had above 3 million registered contractors doing 1.5 million tasks. Online payment frame emerged as a result of this trend.Business Innovation. Over 95% of businesses in OECD countries hire online in some way. The internet brings innovative ways of getting rag to customers and also competing for the market share. In past recent years, social media has evolved to be a marketing tool. ICT tools operating inside companies are assisting businesses on streamlining processes and increase efficiency.The eruption of connected devices throughout the globe has allowed new ways for businesses to reach out to their customers in service.(Kvochko, 2013)The stated above benefits or advantages however do not eliminate controversies that also surround technology impacting the global economy. there are prone difficulties and challenges that global societies are surfacing as technological change continues to emerge. As expected with any form of continued evolution and change.Controversies on technologyReliance on Technology.This can be a negative of how technology affects because of of technology has become a basic sphere of need for just about if not all modern enterprises, production is impacted a lot by flaws and malfunctions of machines and IT systems. If there could be a disruption of connection, E-commerce business cannot remain functionally. On the other hand there is reduced production if a machine suffers technical glitches.The more technological innovations grow, the more they will need highly specialized professionals to rectify or fix them if they malfunction.Loss of Jobs. As with much creation of job opportunities wisecracked by new technology. There is a significant decline in middle class workers who are not in any specialty ad working rather manually. Machinery has in some way replaced human capital and a portion of manual labor. grind workers have declined and been replaced by high tech machinery which slowly needs more IT supervision that somatogenetic help.(Vossos, Tasos. (2017, September 26). Advantages & Disadvantages of Technology in Our Economy. Bizfluent. Retrieved from https//bizfluent.com/info-8373180-advantages-disadvantages-technology-economy.html)Less physical human connection. Online entertainment and social media pl atforms form a big part of technological advancement.People have taken a liking to rather communicate virtually that physically, from phone calls to texts to sharing pictures if theres a need to see each other. This in the long run will bring about a vague knowledge of one another in the human form and social connection will be based on how a person wants to be known rather than who they truly are. Other effects with recent finding s are the cause of depression and social attempts by teenagers and young adults who feel they cannot live up to the standards set online. intimately 80% of teenagers and adults are on social media platforms. In contrasting the earlier years of economic growth evolution and technological evolution. The above benefits and controversies mark a not so out of touch difference in the line of the length technology has gone in its development. Meaning it is still focused in more ways than one in bettering the worlds economy and markets. It is although inevitable for any implementation to have side effects.CONCLUSION found on the findings of my research I have concluded that technology in its own has diverted into many spheres from the reason of just being introduced to help man cultivate his natural environment. It has not only helped but also overtaken man greatly in its efficiency and operation. Technological innovations have also been developed to be independent from the directory of man. Which may be the result of the leave out of control and concerns as to its negative and controversial effect in the larger and global economy.The solution however that I propose is for the larger economy to go back to the fundamental reasons of why technology was introduced every time a new innovation is made. This will harbor controlled growth of the development of economies also in different countries leading up t a greater impact in the world economy. Countries still needing more technological advancement should be assisted by long advanced economi es. This will ensure a greater level of desired impact in th growth of the economy and the global GDP and GDP per capita will rise significantly.TechnologyQuestions to research Are advertisements aimed at teenagers effective? And, are they good? My Response roughly advertisements aimed at teenagers are effective, but usually are not respectable. Most marketers have many ways of conference knowledge on teenagers spending habits and what is most important to teens. With this information theyre able to create advertisements that will appeal to most teens and create profit. Many people argue that some or most of these ads arent ethical because they will create a problem or insecurity and then give the solution to that problem in the form of their product.Central base The most effective ads show teens using and enjoying a product. The least effective were those that caused an emotional response. A teens borrowing of ads varies according to the media platform. The medium with the t erminal teen ad acceptance was texting. The Teen advertizement Study, compiled with the help of the University of Massachusetts, showed that teens were more susceptible to online ads if they could touch base to it and if they found it funny.Central paper Marketers love teens because they easily spend money on luxury items such as clothing, electronics, and music. They generally make their purchase decisions independently, have significant influence on family purchases, and companies know that once they have branded a child, they are likely to be customers for life. They reach dupes by advertising in magazines, movies, TV shows, and on the internet. Companies get info about kids spending habits from internet quizzes and surveys.Marketers know how to capitalize on important teen issues and anxieties, like body image, peer acceptance, coolness, and need for power. Marketers often use a theme or attitude like end up or alcohol and drug use that seems to raise thecoolness portion of their product. ad is so effective because it creates insecurities about things such as appearance. happy ads convince the viewer that they have a problem and then offer the solution, which is the product theyre selling. This gives off the messages that teens arent good enough the way they are and many kids un unforcedly buy into that message which is causing kids to grow up in the most materialistic society weve ever had. Most of the things that are publicize to teens do not promote healthy development.Central Idea In one year, teens view more than 40,000 ads on TV unsocial while also being exposed to ads on the internet, in magazines, and in schools. Teens are often the main target for marketers because they are always willing to spend money on the newest luxury items. Teens strive to have the newest electronics, clothing, and other overly advertised items. Marketers know how to target teen issues such as body image, peer pressure, and the need for acceptance. On average, te ens are exposed to 3,000 ads per day.Teenagers, on average, spend $155 billion per year on advertised products, also influencing their parents to spend another $200 billion per year. Recent studies have shown tobacco plant companies use their ads to target teens as young as 13-years-old. Another major(ip) advertiser is the alcohol industry, using ads that feature young, attractive people imbibition or posing with their beverages. Ads affect teen psychologically by exposing them to ads that suggest they are not what the entertainment business considers attractive. Ads can be nocent to teens by lowering their self-esteem.Children, Adolescents, and Advertising http//pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/118/6/2563.full Central Idea Children and teens view 40,000 ads per year on TV alone even though the Childrens Television Act of 1990 limits advertising on childrens program to 10.5 minutes/hour on weekends and 12 minutes/hour on weekdays. M-rated boob tube games, which are not re commended for children younger than 17-years-old, are frequently advertised in movie theaters, video game magazines, and publications with high youth readership. five-year-oldpeople see 45% more beer ads and 27% more ads for hard liquor in teen magazines than adults to in their magazines.An increasing number of electronic network sites try to get teens to make direct sales. More than 100 commercial message websites promote alcohol products. Most advertisers use techniques that children and teens are more unprotected to, like product placement in movies and TV shows, action figures, kids clubs, and celebrity endorsements. Sex is used in commercials to sell well-nigh anything now. American ads invariably use thin female models, which contribute to the development of self-esteem issues in young girls.Thesis StatementWith marketers aiming their advertisements more towards teens every day, researchers are looking at into how effective and ethical these advertisements really are.Out line The Ethics and Effectiveness on Advertising toward Teens Thesis statement With marketers aiming their advertisements more towards teens every day, researchers are looking into how effective and ethical these advertisements really are.I. Teens are being exposed to advertisements more each day. a. . Companies gather info about teens spending habits from internet quizzes and surveys. b. Children and teens view more than 40,000 ads per year on TV alone. c. More than 160 magazines are now targeted towards teens.II. Different factors will make an ad effective. a. Teens acceptance of ads depends on the media platform. i. Sponsorships of live events had the highest level of acceptance. ii. Text messaging had the lowest level of acceptance. b. Least effective ads were those that caused an emotional response. III. The advertising strategies marketers use have been shown to be unethical. a. M-rated video games are frequently advertised in movie theaters, video game magazines, and publicat ions with high youth readership b. Young people see 45% more beer ads and 27% more ads for hard liquor in teen magazines thanadults to in their magazines. c. Advertising is so effective because it creates insecurities about things such as appearance. i. American ads constantly use thin female models, which contribute to the development of self-esteem issues in young girls. ii. Gives off the message that teens arent good enough the way they are.Body ParagraphsI believe that the advertisements aimed at teens are effective, but unethical. through with(predicate) a number of research tactics marketers are finding ways to keep up with the ever changing trends in teen culture. With the information they gather theyre able to produce advertisements that ultimately pressure their earshot into purchase their product. With marketers aiming their advertisements more towards teens every day, researchers are looking into how effective and ethical these advertisements really are. Technology bas ed advertisements are effective among teens because of how often they are exposed to ads, the ads appeal to their lifestyles, and even sometimes pressure teens into buy their products.Advertisements have rapidly been integrated into the world around us. Young people view more than 40 000 ads per year on television alone and progressively are being exposed to advertising on the Internet, in magazines, and in schools. (pediatrics.aappublications.org) Teens are heavily influenced by these ads because of how often they are exposed to them. Marketers are gathering information about teens spending habits through quizzes and surveys. Teen Advertising Study, which was compiled in conjunction with the University of Massachusetts, revealed that teens were more susceptible to online advertising if they could relate to it and if they found it funny. (utalkmarketing.com) With information like this theyre able to determine what instance of ads would be effective on the teens of today.Different factors can make an ad effective, such as how theyre viewed and if its relatable to their audience. The most effective ads showed teens using and enjoying their product. For example, in this PlayStation 4 Interface commercial, youre shown teens happy with their product and youre precondition a glimpse of some features. This is considered an effective ad because it features the newest upgrade of their product, theyre being shown new features and games, and seeing other teens happywith the product would give them a positive feeling about having it. This ad also shows both genders enjoying their product, suggesting they support both genders using the PS4. An example of an ineffective ad would be the Microsoft Surface commercial, in this commercial you can see people enjoying their product but youre not given a look at what their product can do. Its a fun ad to watch, but it doesnt provide enough information for a teen to considering buying their product.Lastly, many advertisements ai med at teens have been said to be unethical in order to be effective. Marketers will bring up a problem in their advertisement this problem might be based on social status, then they will provide a solution in the form of their product. For example, in this Samsung Galaxy S4 commercial you see only younger people using their product while the older people are just learning about this product. This suggests that if you have their product youd be cool and up to date with the world around you. This ad seems to delinquency the target into thinking what they have isnt good enough and their product would make them cooler.ConclusionIn conclusion, I think advertisements aimed at teens are effective, but unethical. Teens are being exposed to advertisements more each day. Advertisements can be found all around them, in schools, online, through T.V., etc. Marketers are constantly doing research to improve ads to be more appealing to their target audience, teens. done the information they gat her, they can create advertisements that will persuade their audience into buying their product. An effective ad would feature other teens enjoying their product. An effective, but unethical ad, would be an ad that brings up a problem, such as a teens social status, and then present a solution in the form of their product.